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The universal Weyl C*-algebra has nonregular representations

Statement

Assume Countable Choice. Let V=R2 with its standard symplectic form and fix λ≠0. The universal Weyl C∗-algebra CW∗(V,ω,λ) has a representation in which the Weyl generators are not strongly continuous on real lines. Thus its universal property does not restrict representations to the regular ones. In the construction below, ℓ2(V) denotes the Hilbert completion of the finite-support functions on V with their canonical inner product.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The symplectic plane, λ≠0, and the universal Weyl algebra.

[F1]

The algebraic Weyl symbols obey δvδw=mλ(v,w)δv+w, δv∗=δ−v, where mλ(v,w)=e−iλω(v,w)/2; the universal completion extends every unital ∗-representation of these relations (The universal Weyl C*-algebra, The universal Weyl norm is finite and has the C*-completion property).

[F2]

The finite-support functions on V form an inner-product space under ⟨a,b⟩=∑x∈Vaxbx‾, with the coordinate vectors (δx)x∈V orthonormal. Under Countable Choice its norm completion is a Hilbert space, with these vectors still orthonormal and their span dense (Real and complex inner-product spaces and their induced length, Every metric space has a completion, constructed as the equivalence classes of its Cauchy sequences, The metric completion of a normed space carries a unique compatible Banach-space structure, The norm completion of an inner-product space is a Hilbert space).

[A1]

Countable Choice is included in the Hilbert and universal completion interfaces (The Axiom of Countable Choice (ACω)).

Proof

technique · direct

Given: The data in the Statement.

1.1A1F1F2givenconstruct

On basis vectors of the finite-support subspace of ℓ2(V) define Lvδx=mλ(v,x)δv+x. Since ∣mλ(v,x)∣=1 and x↦v+x is a bijection of V, Lv preserves the inner product and maps finite-support vectors to finite-support vectors. It extends to ℓ2(V) by Lv[(an)]=[(Lvan)] on Cauchy-sequence classes; the extension is unitary with inverse L−v. The cocycle identity gives LvLwδx=mλ(w,x)mλ(v,w+x)δv+w+x=mλ(v,w)mλ(v+w,x)δv+w+x=mλ(v,w)Lv+wδx. Hence LvLw=mλ(v,w)Lv+w on the dense basis span and then everywhere. Also L0=I and Lv∗=L−v, so δv↦Lv extends linearly to a unital ∗-representation of the twisted finite-support algebra.

2.1F1step 1.1

By [F1], this unital ∗-representation is contractive for the universal seminorm and extends to a representation Π of CW∗(V,ω,λ) with Π(δv)=Lv.

3.1step 1.1step 2.1algebra∎

Fix any nonzero v∈V. For every real t≠0, Ltvδ0=δtv, while L0δ0=δ0. Since tv≠0, these are distinct orthonormal basis vectors, and therefore ∥Ltvδ0−L0δ0∥2=2 for every t≠0. The orbit map t↦Π(δtv) is not strongly continuous at zero. This proves that Π is nonregular although it is a representation of the universal Weyl C∗-algebra.

Boundary cases

  • The discontinuity holds for every nonzero v and every fixed real λ≠0.
  • This refutes regularity of all representations of the universal completion; it makes no claim that this particular representation is irreducible.

Depends on

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