CorollaryStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedprecheck passjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-08-31

How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Local normal form for immersions

Statement

Let $F : M^{m} \to N^{n}$ be a smooth immersion at $p \in M$ . Then there are charts near $p$ and $F (p)$ in which the coordinate representative of $F$ is

$u ⟼ (u, 0)$

near the distinguished point.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A smooth map $F : M^{m} \to N^{n}$ that is an immersion at $p$ .

[L1]

The immersion locus is open (The immersion and submersion loci are open).

[L2]

A constant-rank- $m$ map has local normal form $(u, v) \mapsto (u, 0)$ (The constant-rank theorem for manifolds).

Proof

technique · direct

1.1L1given

Because $F$ is an immersion at $p$ , the linear map $d F_{p} : T_{p} M \to T_{F (p)} N$ is injective. Its domain has dimension $m$ , so its rank is $m$ . Therefore [L1] supplies a neighbourhood of $p$ on which $F$ has constant rank $m$ .

2.1step 1.1L2

Apply [L2] with $r = m$ . The source has no normal coordinates left, so the local model is exactly $u \mapsto (u, 0)$ .

3.1step 2.1∎

This is the asserted immersion normal form.

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

10 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources

John M. Lee, Introduction to Smooth Manifolds, Immersions (standard reference, not scraped)
Will J. Merry, Differential Geometry, Proposition 6.3 (standard reference, not scraped)