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CorollaryStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedaudited 2026-09-22
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Matrix coefficients are uniformly dense in C(G)

Statement

Assume the Axiom of Choice. Finite linear combinations of matrix coefficients of finite-dimensional unitary representations are uniformly dense in C(G) for a compact Lie group G.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Assume the Axiom of Choice, a compact Lie group G with normalized Haar measure, and fC(G).

[A1]

The Axiom of Choice is The Axiom of Choice; it enters through the Haar and Hilbert-space theory cited.

[L1]

The normalized matrix coefficients form a Hilbert basis of L2(G), so every element of L2(G) is the finite-subset-net limit of finite matrix-coefficient sums (Peter–Weyl theorem).

[L2]

There are continuous central functions kn of integral one with Tknff uniformly for continuous f; C(G)L2(G) because G is compact (Central continuous approximate identities).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1

Since f is continuous on the compact group, fL2(G) and f2<+; fix ε>0 and choose n with supxTknf(x)f(x)<ε/2 by [L2], so that f(x)Gkn(u)f(xu)du<ε/2 for every x.

L2
1.2

By [L1] applied to the L2 class of kn, there is a finite linear combination p of matrix coefficients with knp2<ε/(2f2) when f0 (and the conclusion below is trivial when f=0).

L1
2.1

For every x, the defining formula for the convolution operators gives Tpf(x)Tknf(x)Gp(x1y)kn(x1y)f(y)dypkn2f2<ε/2 by Cauchy–Schwarz and Haar invariance. Hence Tpff<ε by step 1.1. The function Tpf is a finite linear combination of matrix coefficients: if a summand of p is πij, then πij(x1y)=kπik(x1)πkj(y), so its contribution to Tpf(x) is a finite sum of the constants Gπkj(y)f(y)dy times the matrix coefficients xπik(x1) of the contragredient representation. Thus a finite matrix-coefficient sum lies within ε of f uniformly.

L1L2step 1.1step 1.2
3.1

The zero function is approximated by the zero linear combination, and the same argument includes the one-element group. All noncanonical existence used above is contained in the Haar, Hilbert-space and representation-theoretic suppliers invoked in [L1] and [L2], under the Axiom of Choice assumed in [A1].

A1L1L2step 2.1

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