Alphabeta Math
DefinitionDefinition: AI-adaptedProof: Not applicableverified 2026-09-08 (gpt-6-astra)
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

The class IP

Definition

The class IP consists of languages having an interactive protocol with a probabilistic polynomial-time verifier and polynomially bounded interaction as in Interactive-proof transcripts, rounds, and prover strategies, completeness at least 2/3, and soundness at most 1/3 in the sense of Completeness and soundness of an interactive protocol.

Remarks

Replacing these two constants by any fixed c,s with 0<s<c<1 defines the same class. To see this from a (c,s) protocol, choose a dyadic rational a strictly between 1/2−c/4 and 1/2−s/4. After the original protocol, use fresh private bits to accept with probability a+1/4 if its decision was acceptance, and with probability a otherwise. Both probabilities are dyadic numbers in [0,1], so a fixed finite number of fair bits realizes this rule exactly. The new completeness is at least a+c/4>1/2 and soundness at most a+s/4<1/2. Apply Sequential repetition amplifies completeness and soundness gaps with ε=1/3 to obtain the defining IP constants. Conversely, starting from the defining constants, apply the same lemma with 0<ε≤min⁡{1−c,s} to obtain completeness at least c and soundness at most s. All added randomness and repetitions have bounds constant in the input length. No endpoint assertion about zero soundness or perfect completeness is included in this constant-gap argument.

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

6 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources