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A C4 coboundary changes the pentagonator and is gauged away

Example

Write C4=Z/4Z additively, with elements 0,1,2,3. Define the normalized 3-cochain β(g,h,k)={−1,(g,h,k)=(1,1,1),1,otherwise. Let ω=δβ, with the multiplicative coboundary convention in A normalized 3-cochain gives the gauge equivalence of 2Vect_G^omega.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The group C4, the normalized cochain β, and the group-cochain convention in the A-page gauge theorem.

[F1]

A normalized 3-cochain gives the gauge equivalence of 2Vect_G^omega: A normalized coboundary changes the pentagonator by a monoidal 2-equivalence; its value is δβ(g,h,k,l)=β(h,k,l)β(g+h,k,l)−1β(g,h+k,l)β(g,h,k+l)−1β(g,h,k).

[F2]

Group and abelian group: A group has associative multiplication, identity, and inverses.

Verification

1.1F1F2givenalgebra

The cochain β is normalized because it equals 1 whenever any input is 0. At (g,h,k,l)=(1,2,3,1) in C4, the five factors in [F1] are respectively β(2,3,1)=1, β(3,3,1)−1=1, β(1,1,1)=−1, β(1,2,0)−1=1, and β(1,2,3)=1. Thus ω(1,2,3,1)=−1, so the resulting 4-cochain is not the constant cochain.

2.1F1step 1.1algebra

If g=0, the first two factors in δβ are equal with opposite exponents and the remaining three have an input 0, so all remaining normalized values are 1. If h=0, the second and third factors cancel and the other factors are normalized; if k=0, the third and fourth factors cancel and the other factors are normalized; if l=0, the fourth and fifth factors cancel and the other factors are normalized. Thus ω=δβ is normalized. Applying the degree-four coboundary to this expression gives a product of the 30 composites djdiβ from the six degree-four faces and five degree-three faces. For each 0≤i<j≤5, the simplicial face identity djdi=didj−1 pairs two occurrences with opposite exponents; the interior face identities use associativity in C4, and the endpoint identities delete the same first or last entry. All 15 pairs cancel, so δω=1 and ω is a 4-cocycle.

3.1F1step 2.1algebra∎

Theorem [F1] applies to ω and ω′=1 with cochain β−1 (whose coboundary is ω−1), and gives a monoidal 2-equivalence 2VectC4ω≃2VectC4. The example checks a nonconstant representative and its coherent untwisting; it does not assert a nonzero class in H4(C4;C×).

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