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The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Cofiber sequence of a wedge summand inclusion

Example

For well-pointed based CGWH spaces U,V, the summand inclusion U↪U∨V is a cofibration with quotient V. Its Puppe connecting map V→ΣU is based nullhomotopic. For example, the inclusion of the first circle in S1∨S1 has cofiber equivalent to the second circle and zero connecting map.

Facts & Assumptions

[F1]

The wedge identifies the two basepoints and no other points. The wedge of a family of pointed spaces

[F3]

The cofiber is formed by attaching the reduced cone. Reduced cone suspension and cofiber sequence

[F4]

For a based cofibration collapsing its cone yields the quotient homotopy equivalence. Cofiber of a based cofibration is equivalent to the quotient

Verification

Given: The spaces, maps, and hypotheses in the statement above.

1.1F1F2F4

The inclusion U→U∨V is the pushout of the basepoint inclusion {* }→V along {* }→U. That inclusion is an unbased cofibration by well-pointedness, so F2 proves the claim. Collapsing U identifies the remaining V only at its existing basepoint, and compatible quotient maps in both directions give (U∨V)/U≅V. F4 consequently identifies its cofiber with V up to based homotopy.

2.1F1F2F3F4step 1.1∎

More explicitly that cofiber is CU∨V: the original U is the base of the attached cone. On CU use [u,s]↦[u,s+t−st] and keep V fixed. At t=0 this is the identity, at t=1 all of CU is the tip, and the basepoint track is fixed. The quotient-times-I construction in F2 makes this a continuous based deformation onto V. The cofiber projection to ΣU collapses all of V, so its composite with the inclusion V→CU∨V is identically the basepoint. Under this explicit inverse of the equivalence, the connecting map is therefore constant. For U=V=S1 this gives the stated two-circle instance.

Remarks

The first three arrows below are the cofiber sequence in its explicit cone model. Here i is the summand inclusion, a includes the wedge in its cofiber, q collapses that wedge, j includes the remaining summand, and r collapses CU.

UU_VCi=CU_V§UViaqrj

The map r is the cone-collapse equivalence Ci→(U∨V)/U≅V of step 1.1: the quotient identification with V is a based homeomorphism, whereas Ci≃V is a based homotopy equivalence. Step 2.1 gives rj=id⁡V, jr≃id⁡Ci through based maps, and qj=∗ exactly. Thus the connecting map represented on V by qj is constant. The diagram illustrates these constructions; the verification above proves them independently.

Depends on

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