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Mobius band as an interval bundle with monodromy
Example
The quotient projects to by and is a locally trivial interval bundle. A circuit represented by has the chartwise transport . This visible reversal induces the identity on interval homology; at the central basepoint zero all positive homotopy groups are zero. We assume AC only to infer Hurewicz HLP from the supplied numerable bundle, so that its homotopy-class transport has the preceding formal monodromy interpretation.
Facts & Assumptions
Ordinary bundle charts and closed-support partitions define numerable bundles. Locally trivial fiber bundle
Fiber transport gives homology monodromy with moving-basepoint qualifications on homotopy groups. Fiber transport and monodromy action
Quotient-constant continuous maps descend continuously. For a quotient map , a map out of is continuous iff its composite with is; a continuous map on constant on the fibres of factors uniquely through ; and a composite of quotient maps is a quotient map
Numerable bundles have Hurewicz HLP under AC. Numerable fiber bundles are hurewicz fibrations
Homotopic transport families give the same endpoint homotopy class; arbitrary lifts need not be regular. Fibers over one path component are fiber homotopy equivalent
Homotopy equivalences induce homology isomorphisms, using homotopy invariance. Homotopy equivalences induce isomorphisms on singular homology
Finite closed pasting and local continuity give continuous maps. Continuity may be checked on any open cover, and on any finite closed cover; composites of continuous maps are continuous
The circle quotient is open and short arcs have continuous inverse representatives. The quotient map is open, and every interval shorter than one embeds in
The circle identification is a homeomorphism. is a homeomorphism from to the unit circle
The subtraction formulas express the sine and cosine of a difference. The subtraction formulas for sine and cosine
The sine zero set is , and sine and cosine are -periodic. The zero sets of sine and cosine and the least positive common period 2 pi
Finite maxima, sums and quotients with positive denominator are continuous. Sums, products, absolute values, finite maxima and minima, and quotients of continuous real-valued maps on a topological space are continuous where defined
The Pythagorean identity gives for every real . Parity and the Pythagorean identity for sine and cosine
The shift identity is , with . Quarter-turn values and shifts by pi/2 and pi
Homotopic maps induce the same map on singular homology. Homotopic maps induce the same map on singular homology
Verification
Given: The quotient , interval , and base coordinate .
The projection descends by F3 since its two identified boundary values agree. Over use the representative and coordinate ; inverse representatives are locally continuous by F8, hence continuous by F7. The same local argument applies to the second chart. Over use with inverse chart for and for . The formulas agree at zero by the quotient relation and are continuous by F7. The inverse coordinate on the two prequotient neighbourhoods of the seam is respectively and , continuous on their disjoint open pieces; F3 descends it. Restriction of a quotient to the inverse image of an open target is quotient, because open sets there are ambient open and the quotient criterion applies. Thus these are genuine inverse homeomorphisms. On one overlap component the fiber transition is identity and on the other it is .
We first verify locally the fibre clause behind F9. Equality of and gives and by F10 and F13. F11 then gives . F14 gives and , so integer induction in both directions gives . Since the difference cosine is one, is even and ; the converse is F11's -periodicity. Thus the values agree exactly on the quotient fibres, independently verifying the affected injectivity input to F9. Now write , a well-defined continuous circle coordinate by F9; F12 makes the following arithmetic operations continuous. The functions and have positive sum, so form a finite partition. Their supports lie respectively in and . In particular they avoid the missing chart points even at support boundaries. This supplies the F1 numerating data, and F4 applies under the stated AC.
For , the continuous lift of the circuit is in . It begins at and ends at . The family is jointly continuous in by the quotient map, so it gives a transport map, not merely separately selected path lifts. F5 compares this family with any universal lifting function, showing that its endpoint map represents the F2 transport homotopy class.
The homotopy stays in , starts at the identity and ends at , and fixes zero for every . Therefore F15 makes the identity on every , for every abelian coefficient group . The based contraction contracts every based cube in rel boundary, so all its positive homotopy groups vanish. The two endpoints are exchanged by despite this trivial action on invariants.
The interval and bundle fibers are nonempty; is fixed while is interchanged. Both circuit endpoints and both homotopy endpoints have been computed. The bundle/chart and reversal calculations are choice-free; the only propagated AC is the invocation of F4 in step 1.2. Thus geometric reversal must not be advertised as nontrivial homology or based homotopy monodromy.
Depends on
- Locally trivial fiber bundle
- Fiber transport and monodromy action
- For a quotient map $q : X \to Y$, a map out of $Y$ is continuous iff its composite with $q$ is; a continuous map on $X$ constant on the fibres of $q$ factors uniquely through $q$; and a composite of quotient maps is a quotient map
- Numerable fiber bundles are hurewicz fibrations
- Fibers over one path component are fiber homotopy equivalent
- Homotopy equivalences induce isomorphisms on singular homology
- Homotopic maps induce the same map on singular homology
- Continuity may be checked on any open cover, and on any finite closed cover; composites of continuous maps are continuous
- The Axiom of Choice
- The quotient map is open, and every interval shorter than one embeds in $\mathbb R/\mathbb Z$
- $[t]\mapsto(\cos 2\pi t,\sin 2\pi t)$ is a homeomorphism from $\mathbb R/\mathbb Z$ to the unit circle
- The subtraction formulas for sine and cosine
- Parity and the Pythagorean identity for sine and cosine
- The zero sets of sine and cosine and the least positive common period 2 pi
- Quarter-turn values and shifts by pi/2 and pi
- Sums, products, absolute values, finite maxima and minima, and quotients of continuous real-valued maps on a topological space are continuous where defined
Used by
Nothing in the library uses this result yet.
Dependency tree · two levels
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Sources
- May, A Concise Course in Algebraic Topology (standard reference, not scraped)
- Hatcher, Algebraic Topology (standard reference, not scraped)