Alphabeta Math
False statementConstruction: AI-adaptedVerification: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-13
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The vector-space de Rham comparison is automatically a ring isomorphism

Statement

False. Once the de Rham comparison has been proved to be a degreewise vector-space isomorphism, it is automatically an isomorphism of graded rings, without a separate comparison of wedge and cup products.

Facts & Assumptions

[F1]

Singular cohomology ring defines the target multiplication by the front/back cup product on representatives.

[F2]

De Rham integration respects wedge and cup in cohomology supplies the additional cochain-homotopy identity showing that integration takes wedge products to cup products on cohomology.

Refutation

Given: A degreewise vector-space comparison, with no multiplicativity hypothesis.

1.1

A degreewise linear isomorphism need not preserve multiplication even when it preserves the unit. Let A=R[u]/(u3) with u=2, and define the degree-preserving linear bijection T:AA by T(1)=1,T(u)=2u,T(u2)=2u2. It is invertible on the basis (1,u,u2), but T(u2)=2u2 whereas T(u)T(u)=4u2. Hence linear bijectivity alone cannot imply multiplicativity.

constructalgebra
2.1

In the de Rham comparison the source product is wedge and the target product is the cup product of [F1]. The missing assertion is therefore the equality I([α][β])=I[α]I[β]. This does not follow from degreewise bijectivity; [F2] proves it by constructing a specific cochain homotopy between I(αβ) and IαIβ. Only after adjoining that result may a bijective de Rham comparison be called a ring isomorphism.

F1F2step 1.1
3.1

The zero ring and empty-space cases satisfy multiplicativity vacuously, and in degree zero on a point both products are ordinary scalar multiplication; neither special case establishes the general product law. The unit alone is insufficient, as step 1.1 already preserves it. No endpoint or representative-choice issue occurs, and [F2]'s compatibility is choice-free. The false claim is the word "automatically," not the ring theorem obtained after proving [F2].

F1F2step 1.1step 2.1

Depends on

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Sources