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Excess intersection computes the A1 Hecke coefficients

Statement

Use Xv,Mv,Lv,Yv,Zv,q,r,Kv and av from Arbitrary-framing A1 varieties and their conormal Hecke correspondence. All Chow groups have rational coefficients. Intersect the fundamental cycle [Zv] with the source zero section Lv×Mv+1↪Mv×Mv+1 by its refined Gysin map, keeping support on Yv, and push along r. The result is r∗(cv(ΩYv/Xv+1)∩[Yv])=(−1)v(v+1)[Xv+1]∈Aav+1(Lv+1)Q. For the reversed correspondence, intersection with the other zero section and push along q gives q∗(cw−v−1(ΩYv/Xv)∩[Yv])=(−1)w−v−1(w−v)[Xv]∈Aav(Lv)Q. These are supported intersection calculations; they do not replace supported classes by their potentially noninjective pushforward into A∗(Mv). The excess and Euler sequences used below are equivariant for GL⁡(W), although the asserted coefficient formulas are in ordinary Chow groups.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: w≥1 and 0≤v<w, the cotangent and incidence models, and the ordinary supported Chow convention in the statement.

[F1]

The models and projective projections, including their dimensions, are proved in Arbitrary-framing A1 varieties and their conormal Hecke correspondence.

[F2]

A regular embedding after arbitrary base change has the refined excess formula, with top Chern class of the quotient normal bundle (Refined Gysin pullback for regular embeddings, Zero-section Gysin and excess intersection for vector subbundles).

[F3]

Operational Chern classes satisfy Whitney and the splitting principle; projective-bundle pushforward kills hyperplane powers below the fiber dimension and sends the power of that dimension to the base class (Operational Chern classes and the Whitney formula, The projective bundle formula for Chow groups).

Proof

1.1F1F2algebra

The source zero-section embedding has codimension av and normal bundle pr⁡1∗T∗Xv. Its pullback to Zv is the zero section Yv↪Tot⁡Kv, with normal bundle Kv of rank k=v(w−v−1). The normal map is the fiber inclusion of common A into q∗T∗Xv. There is a canonical exact sequence 0⟶Kv⟶q∗T∗Xv⟶ΩYv/Xv+1⟶0. Indeed tangent vectors to an r-fiber move S inside fixed T; restriction of cotangent forms is the surjection dual to TYv/Xv+1↪q∗TXv. Its kernel consists exactly of A:W/S→S annihilating T/S, namely Hom⁡(W/T,S). Thus the excess has rank av−k=v. The excess formula [F2] gives the first intersection class, of dimension dim⁡Yv−v=av+1.

1.2F3algebra

For any quotient projective bundle p:P(B)→T of rank n+1, put h=c1(O(1)). Its relative Euler sequence is 0⟶Ωp⟶p∗B⊗O(−1)⟶O⟶0. The middle map evaluates the tautological quotient after tensoring by its inverse line; its kernel is the relative cotangent bundle, as one checks on a chart where one quotient coordinate is 1. Thus [F3] gives cn(Ωp)=∑i=0n(−1)n−i(n+1−i)p∗ci(B)hn−i: on the splitting tower the roots are bj−h, and in choosing a monomial with i roots bj the remaining n−i choices can be made in n+1−i ways. Pushforward kills every i>0 term, since its hyperplane exponent is below n, and sends hn to 1. Consequently p∗(cn(Ωp)∩[P(B)])=(−1)n(n+1)[T]. This also covers n=0.

2.1F1F2step 1.1algebra

In the other direction the same restriction to tangent vectors of a q-fiber gives 0⟶Kv⟶r∗T∗Xv+1⟶ΩYv/Xv⟶0. A tangent vector moves T while fixing S; annihilating all these variations forces the cotangent endomorphism with kernel T to have image in S. This is again Kv. Its excess rank is av+1−k=w−v−1, giving the second intersection class of dimension dim⁡Yv−(w−v−1)=av. Neither exact sequence presumes a global splitting.

3.1F1step 1.1step 2.1step 1.2algebra∎

Apply step 1.2 first to r, the quotient projective bundle of the rank-(v+1) tautological bundle on Xv+1, with n=v; then apply it to q, the bundle of lines in W/S, equivalently the quotient projective bundle of (W/S)∗, with n=w−v−1. Steps 1.1–1.2 give exactly the two asserted coefficients. All maps in the normal and Euler sequences are canonical restrictions, evaluations or differentials of equivariant projections, hence are GL⁡(W)-equivariant. No equivariant Chern parameter has been specialized silently: all pushforward identities just used are ordinary Chow identities.

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