Alphabeta Math
LemmaStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-6.1-sol)
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Global length of a plane complete intersection equals the degree product

Statement

Assume the Axiom of Choice. Let C=V(F) and D=V(G) be plane projective curves of degrees d,e≥1 over the algebraically closed field k with no common component, and put X=Proj⁡(k[x0,x1,x2]/(F,G)) Projective scheme of a homogeneous quotient and its standard affine charts. Then the total length of X is len⁡k(X)=de, and since every point of X is k-rational (the residue field is a finite extension of the algebraically closed field k) this reads

∑x∈XℓOX,x(OX,x)=de.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: AC, an algebraically closed field k, plane projective curves C=V(F), D=V(G) of degrees d,e≥1 with no common component, and X=Proj⁡(k[x0,x1,x2]/(F,G)).

[F1]

F and G are nonzero homogeneous forms of positive degrees d,e and have no common nonconstant factor: a common nonconstant factor would have an irreducible factor h, and then V(h) would be a component of both C and D Plane projective curves and their components.

[F2]

For nonzero plane forms of positive degrees with no common nonconstant factor, X is nonempty and finite, its charts are zero-dimensional, and its total length in the sense of Total length of a zero-dimensional projective scheme equals de: len⁡k(X)=de Two coprime projective plane forms meet in total length equal to their degree product. Equivalently len⁡k(X)=∑x∈XℓOX,x(OX,x)[κ(x):k]=de Algebraic Bezout formula as a sum of local scheme lengths.

[F4]

AC is assumed; it is used through the complete-intersection length theorem and the projective-scheme construction The Axiom of Choice. No further choice enters.

Proof

1.1F1F2given

By [F1] the pair (F,G) satisfies the hypotheses of the published complete-intersection length theorem, so the projective scheme X=Proj⁡(k[x0,x1,x2]/(F,G)) is zero-dimensional with finite point set and its total length over k is len⁡k(X)=de, the sum of the local lengths weighted by residue degrees.

1.2F3

For every point x∈X the residue field κ(x) is a finite extension of the algebraically closed field k, hence equals k and has degree [κ(x):k]=1.

2.1step 1.1step 1.2algebraF4∎

Substituting the residue degrees 1 of step 1.2 into the weighted sum of step 1.1 gives len⁡k(X)=∑x∈XℓOX,x(OX,x)=de, which is the displayed equality.

Depends on

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