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Continuity and smooth local representatives of collapse
Statement
The defined collapse is continuous and based, and its restriction over the complement of the Thom basepoint is smooth. It is smooth near the zero section, where zero is a regular value in every normal fiber chart. Radial cutoff models give based homotopic collapses with any prescribed positive linear normal scale near zero.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: Compact , smooth tube , supplied metric and radius as in Pontryagin–Thom collapse with specified normal data.
That definition fixes the quotient topology and the smooth structure away from the basepoint.
A function that is continuous on each member of a finite closed cover is continuous (Continuity may be checked on any open cover, and on any finite closed cover; composites of continuous maps are continuous).
Proof
On the closed tube the continuous map sends its boundary to the basepoint. On the closed complement of its interior the map is constant. These two closed sets cover and the definitions agree on their intersection, so the closed pasting lemma [F2] proves continuity on ; at a disjoint added basepoint continuity is immediate. At the compactification point, the complement of the compact closed tube is a neighborhood mapped constantly to the basepoint; this proves continuity there.
On the inverse image of the nonbasepoint stratum the formula is a smooth tubular inverse followed by fiber scaling. In a bundle trivialization about zero the map reads , whose derivative in the fibre directions is times the identity, so it is a submersion there; identifying the normal quotient of along with by , that vertical derivative is and its zero fibre is exactly . No smoothness assertion at the Thom basepoint is needed.
More generally let be smooth on , positive off zero, equal to near zero for , and equal to on a neighborhood of . Map to and zero to zero, and then take the quotient; outside the tube use the basepoint. This is continuous by step 1.1 and smooth on its nonbasepoint stratum, including zero because its formula there is . Convex interpolation between this radius profile and stays positive for , is linear with positive coefficient near zero, and equals at the boundary. The same pasting argument on proves the based homotopy. Thus a cutoff supplies the contracted smooth representative near regular values without assigning a smooth structure at the collapsed point.
Depends on
Used by
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Sources
- Stanford Math 215B notes, Lectures 14–15, Theorems 138–139 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Lee, Introduction to Smooth Manifolds, tubular neighborhoods (standard reference, not scraped)