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Cutting an irreducible manifold along incompressible tori preserves irreducibility
Statement
Assume full AC. Let be a compact irreducible piecewise linear -manifold with a finite compatible triangulation. Let be a finite family of pairwise disjoint, two-sided, incompressible piecewise linear tori that are subcomplexes of that triangulation. Every component obtained by cutting along is irreducible.
Statement references
Facts & Assumptions
Given: Full AC, the compact irreducible finite PL manifold, disjoint two-sided incompressible PL torus family and cut component of the Statement.
The original full AC assumption is The Axiom of Choice. No essential use of it occurs in the finite argument below.
Here irreducibility and incompressibility are in the PL category specified in the Statement: an interior PL sphere bounds a PL ball, and a PL compressing disk has essential boundary on its surface and otherwise misses it. These are the geometric conventions of Incompressibility, Seifert fibrations, and JSJ systems, interpreted in that explicit category.
A two-sided PL torus in a parametrized finite PL ball has a PL compression contained in the ball's interior; its local PL flatness and compatible bicollar are supplied by the full link-disk and cut-collar proof. Two-sided PL tori in a parametrized PL ball have PL compressions
A compact PL ball and the finite PL torus polyhedra inside it have common compatible finite subcomplex subdivisions. A PL embedded polyhedron becomes a subcomplex after subdivision
Proof
Let be a PL sphere in the interior of the selected cut component. Its image in is a PL sphere missing every cutting torus, so bounds a parametrized PL ball by [F1]. Each connected cutting torus lies wholly inside or wholly outside that sphere. If a torus lies inside , its existing two-sided neighborhood can be shrunk into , by compactness and a common smaller product width. It remains a PL embedded torus there. [F3] supplies the compatible finite subdivisions needed for [F2], even if the original triangulation of was different from the one containing the torus.
Such an inside torus would have the PL compressing disk of [F2] entirely in , contradicting its original incompressibility. Thus misses every cutting torus. The connected ball interior lies in the same complement component as its collar along , so lifts to a PL ball in the specified cut component with boundary . Every interior PL sphere there therefore bounds a PL ball. This is precisely PL irreducibility; no smooth-ball or arbitrary-topological-marking claim entered.
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Used by
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Dependency tree · two levels
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Sources
- Allen Hatcher, Notes on Basic 3-Manifold Topology (standard reference, not scraped)
- Ryan Budney, JSJ-decompositions of knot and link complements in the 3-sphere (standard reference, not scraped)