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An elliptic local martingale has a Brownian driver

Statement

Assume the Axiom of Choice. Let (Mt)0≤t≤T be a continuous adapted d-dimensional local martingale with M0=0. Let (σt)0≤t≤T be a continuous adapted process of invertible d×d matrices such that ∥σt−1∥≤C for a deterministic finite constant C, and suppose every entry of σ is locally square-integrable in time almost surely. Write [Mi,Mj] for the continuous bracket characterized by the local-martingale property of MiMj−[Mi,Mj], and assume [Mi,Mj]t=∫0t(σsσsT)ij ds(1≤i,j≤d). Then the stochastic integral Bt=∫0tσs−1 dMs, constructed as the localized L2 limit of left-step sums, has a continuous version with [Bi,Bj]t=δijt. Consequently B is a standard d-dimensional Brownian motion relative to the given filtration.

Statement references

Vector Lévy characterization: identifies a continuous local martingale with identity bracket as Brownian motion; the local proof below supplies the inverse-matrix integral construction.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: the filtered probability space and processes in the statement, the Axiom of Choice, the elementary definition of stochastic integration by predictable step sums, the L2 martingale maximal inequality, and completeness of L2.

[A1]

AC is assumed to invoke the predictable reconstruction and its inherited conditional-expectation and L2 interfaces. The Axiom of Choice

[F1]

Adapted left-step processes are predictable, and pointwise limits and Borel compositions of predictable maps are predictable. Progressively measurable and predictable processes

[F7]

Dominated convergence passes the uniformly bounded left-step approximations through the finite bracket-energy integrals and the product-compensator limits. Dominated convergence

[F9]

A predictable invertible coefficient with bounded inverse and finite pathwise squared energy admits Brownian reconstruction from the specified local-martingale bracket on the original finite-horizon filtration. The proof constructs stopped integrals on the usual augmentation, normalizes continuous representatives there, and recovers an original-adapted version from unstopped elementary sums. Brownian reconstruction with a predictable elliptic coefficient

Proof

Given: AC and the processes in the Statement.

1.1givenA1F1F9construct

If T=0, set B0=0; the integral, bracket and finite-horizon Brownian claims are immediate. Henceforth suppose T>0. Form left-step approximations to σ on deterministic dyadic partitions, retaining σ0 at time zero. They are predictable by [F1]. Take their pointwise limit where it exists as a finite invertible matrix with inverse norm at most C, and use C−1Id otherwise; necessarily C>0. The resulting predictable σ^ agrees with σ at all times on its full continuity event. Continuity on the compact horizon gives ∫0T∥σ^s∥F2ds<∞ almost surely, and its bracket identity is the given one. Thus [F9] supplies a Brownian motion B=∫σ^−1dM adapted to the original filtration, with bracket tId. This invocation makes no raw stopped evaluation of an unnormalized almost-surely continuous process.

2.1F7F9step 1.1∎

This integral also has the left-step construction required in the Statement. On the augmented, normalized stopped intervals of [F9], put H=σ−1 and use its bounded deterministic left-step approximations. They converge uniformly on each continuous path and are bounded by C. The bracket-energy isometry and maximal estimate proved in [F9], together with dominated convergence [F7] and the integrable stopped bracket trace, give localized L2 convergence of their integrals to the same B. Equality with the predictable reconstruction follows from uniqueness in that energy completion. Its original-adapted continuous version and Brownian increment identities are supplied by [F9]; the bracket is [Bi,Bj]t=δijt. Hence every asserted conclusion holds on the given filtration.

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