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Fell neighbourhoods of an irreducible representation are saturated under weak equivalence

Statement

Assume the Axiom of Choice. Let G be an LCH group and let π∈G^. For finitely many functions of positive type ϕ1,…,ϕn associated to π, a compact Q⊆G and ϵ>0 put W~(π;ϕ1,…,ϕn,Q,ϵ):={ρ∈G^: each ϕi is within ϵ on Q of a single function of positive type associated to ρ}. Then the sets W~(π;ϕ1,…,ϕn,Q,ϵ) that contain π form a basis of neighbourhoods of π in the Fell topology (The Fell topology on the unitary dual). Consequently every Fell-open subset of G^ is saturated under weak equivalence: if U is open, π∈U and ρ∈G^ with ρ∼π (Weak containment of unitary representations), then ρ∈U.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: AC; an LCH group G; a class π∈G^; the Fell topology on G^; the single-function sets W~.

[F1]

The Fell topology is generated by the standard sets W(π;ϕ1,…,ϕn,Q,ϵ)={ρ:each ϕi is within ϵ on Q of a finite sum of functions of positive type associated to ρ}, where the ϕi run over the functions of positive type associated to π; a single function of positive type is a finite sum (one term), so W~⊆W for the same data, and π∈W~(π;ϕ1,…,ϕn,Q,ϵ) because the tested ϕi are themselves functions of positive type associated to π (The Fell topology on the unitary dual, Continuous positive-type functions and normalization, Matrix coefficient of a unitary representation).

[F2]

Weak containment: π≺ρ means every function of positive type associated to π is a compact-uniform limit of finite sums of functions of positive type associated to ρ; π∼ρ means both containments (Weak containment of unitary representations).

[F3]

If π is irreducible, π≺ρ and ϕ is a normalized function of positive type associated to π, then for every compact Q and ϵ>0 there is a unit vector η∈Hρ with sup⁡Q∣ϕ(g)−⟨ρ(g)η,η⟩∣<ϵ (Normalized coefficient approximation for irreducible weak containment).

[F4]

Simultaneous family selection: if (ρs)s∈S is a family of nonzero unitary representations and π≺⨁^s∈Sρs with π irreducible, then for all vectors ξ1,…,ξn∈Hπ, compact Q and ϵ>0 there are a single s∈S and vectors η1,…,ηn∈Hρs with sup⁡Q∣⟨π(g)ξi,ξi⟩−⟨ρs(g)ηi,ηi⟩∣<ϵ for every i (Irreducible weak containment in a family selects one coefficient, Hilbert direct sums of unitary representations).

[F5]

Every class in G^ is the class of an irreducible representation with nonzero carrier, and AC licenses the choice of a representative for each class (The unitary dual of a locally compact group).

Proof

technique · direct

Given: AC, an LCH group G, a class π∈G^ and the Fell topology on G^.

1.1F1F2F4F5

Let T⊆G^ be a set of classes such that every standard Fell neighbourhood of π meets T. Then π≺⨁^σ∈Tσ. Indeed, let ϕ be a function of positive type associated to π, Q compact and ϵ>0; the standard neighbourhood W(π;ϕ,Q,ϵ) contains a class in T, which by definition of W supplies a finite sum of functions of positive type associated to that member of T, and such a finite sum is a finite sum of functions of positive type associated to the direct sum over T (each is computed from finitely many vectors supported on finitely many summands); this is precisely the defining approximation for π≺⨁^σ∈Tσ.

2.1F1F4F5step 1.1

Every W~(π;ϕ1,…,ϕn,Q,ϵ) containing π contains a standard Fell neighbourhood of π. Suppose, to the contrary, that no standard neighbourhood of π is contained in W~:=W~(π;ϕ1,…,ϕn,Q,ϵ); then every standard neighbourhood of π meets T:=G^∖W~, so π≺⨁^σ∈Tσ by step 1.1. By [F5] choose representatives of the classes in T. Each tested function is a single diagonal coefficient, so write ϕi(g)=⟨π(g)ξi,ξi⟩. Applying [F4] to the finite list ξ1,…,ξn on Q with radius ϵ gives a single class σ∈T and vectors ηi∈Hσ such that each ϕi is within ϵ on Q of the single coefficient ⟨σ(⋅)ηi,ηi⟩. This says σ∈W~, contradicting σ∈G^∖W~. Hence W~ contains a standard neighbourhood of π, and with [F1] the sets W~ containing π form a neighbourhood basis.

3.1F2F3step 2.1

Every Fell-open set is saturated under weak equivalence. Let U be Fell-open and π∈U; by the definition of the Fell topology and step 2.1 there are ϕ1,…,ϕn,Q,ϵ with π∈W~(π;ϕ1,…,ϕn,Q,ϵ)⊆U. Let ρ∈G^ with ρ∼π, so in particular π≺ρ; since π is irreducible, write ϕi=⟨π(⋅)ξi,ξi⟩. If ξi=0, use the zero vector of Hρ. Otherwise apply [F3] to ϕi/∥ξi∥2 with precision ϵ/∥ξi∥2 and rescale its unit-vector witness by ∥ξi∥. This supplies a single diagonal coefficient of ρ within ϵ of each ϕi on Q. Hence ρ∈W~⊆U. Thus U contains the weak equivalence class of each of its points, and by symmetry the same holds for ρ in place of π.

4.1givenF5∎

The Axiom of Choice licenses the choice of representatives of the classes in T through the unitary dual and is inherited from the family-selection and approximation lemmas; the contradiction argument and the saturation computation add no further choice (The Axiom of Choice).

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