Alphabeta Math
LemmaStatement: AI-adaptedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedprecheck passjudge pass (gpt-6-luna)
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Gauss hypergeometric series geometric tail bound

Statement

Let a,b,c,z∈C, ∣z∣<1, and c∉{0,−1,−2,…}. If z=0, then h0=1 and hk=0 for k≥1, so the series equals 1 and every tail after h0 is zero. Suppose instead that z≠0 and neither a nor b is a nonpositive integer. Then every term hk=(a)k(b)kzk/((c)kk!) is nonzero, and for any integer N>∣c∣,

∣hk+1∣∣hk∣=∣z∣∣a+k∣∣b+k∣∣c+k∣(k+1)≤qN:=∣z∣(1+∣a∣/N)(1+∣b∣/N)1−∣c∣/N(k≥N).

For sufficiently large N, qN<1; then the tail starting at hN is at most ∣hN∣/(1−qN). If a or b is a nonpositive integer, the series terminates and its tail after the last nonzero term is zero.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The Gauss series in Fresnel, error, and Gauss hypergeometric series and its parameter restrictions.

[F1]

Fresnel, error, and Gauss hypergeometric series: hk=(a)k(b)kzk/((c)kk!) and (a)k+1=(a+k)(a)k (and likewise for b,c).

Proof

1.1givenF1algebra

In the nonterminating case with z≠0, every term is nonzero. The Pochhammer product gives hk+1/hk=z(a+k)(b+k)/((c+k)(k+1)). For k≥N>∣c∣, ∣a+k∣≤k(1+∣a∣/N), ∣b+k∣≤k(1+∣b∣/N), ∣c+k∣≥k(1−∣c∣/N), and k+1≥k. These inequalities yield the stated qN.

2.1givenstep 1.1algebra∎

For fixed nonterminating parameters, qN→∣z∣<1, so a finite N has qN<1; summing the geometric majorant proves the stated tail bound. On a compact subset with ∣z∣≤r<1, replacing ∣z∣ by r gives a uniform ratio bound below 1 for all sufficiently large N, proving local uniform convergence. If z=0, the tail is exactly zero by the Statement. If a or b is a nonpositive integer, its Pochhammer product becomes zero after finitely many terms, so the series terminates and its tail after the last nonzero term is zero.

Depends on

Used by

Cited to discharge well-definedness by Fresnel, error, and Gauss hypergeometric series.

Dependency tree · one level

1 result within one dependency step of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources