How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Heisenberg normal-ordered fields give modules with an arbitrary zero-mode action
Statement
Let be the rank-one Heisenberg vertex algebra of The rank-one Heisenberg vacuum space is a conformal VOA of central charge one. For any complex vector space and any , set and define
Write and . With the same negative/nonnegative-mode normal ordering as Rank-one Heisenberg oscillator fields and vacuum space, put
These fields give a -module in the full formal-Jacobi convention of Module for an ordinary vertex algebra. In particular, no diagonalizability or nilpotence condition on is required. For and , each mode satisfies
where negative degrees are zero. Thus the fields are lower truncated, and this is an admissible nonnegative integer grading whenever the module is viewed over the conformal VOA. No logarithmic powers occur in itself.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The polynomial vacuum VOA, an arbitrary , and the displayed oscillator and normal-field formulas.
Rank-one Heisenberg oscillator fields and vacuum space fixes the normal products and divided derivatives; The rank-one Heisenberg vacuum space is a conformal VOA of central charge one proves these are precisely the vacuum state fields.
Formal distributions and fields on a vector space fixes the two binomial expansions, locality and formal residues.
Formal delta substitution identity for module Jacobi proves , where , , and have the three prescribed module-Jacobi expansions.
Module for an ordinary vertex algebra requires lower truncation, the identity vacuum action and the complete three-variable module Jacobi identity. Admissible module for a vertex operator algebra requires exactly the nonnegative integer grading and conformal-weight mode shift displayed in the Statement.
Proof
The polynomial formulas give on : the zero mode commutes with every mode because it acts on alone. Every positive mode of index exceeding the degree of a polynomial kills it. In a fixed coefficient of a normal product applied to a degree- vector, all nonnegative modes act first. Their positive indices have bounded total sum, at most ; there are finitely many such choices, including zero indices. The total exponent then bounds the sum of the remaining negative indices, so there are finitely many remaining choices too. Every coefficient is therefore a genuine endomorphism. Counting degrees in a term of gives degree change at exponent . For a weight- monomial, , so its coefficient of has degree change . This proves the displayed shift and lower truncation; is the vacuum action.
The delta identity [F3] implies, for each scalar Laurent monomial with , the corresponding identity . Indeed multiplying either of the first two delta sums by its expansion of shifts the delta summation index and gives times that delta sum. Also , directly from its delta sum; integer powers give substitution of , using the binomial inverse of for negative . Multiplying [F3] by therefore gives exactly the asserted identity, with the prescribed expansions.
Split into and . The only mixed commutator is ; same-sign parts commute. Differentiating gives the scalar contraction for . For and , let a partial matching pair distinct left factors with distinct right factors, and write for its unmatched left and right indices. Define the common expression . This is a finite sum over matchings. Reorder the annihilators of the left product across the creators of the right product. At each crossing use ; every commutator is the displayed scalar and commutes with all remaining factors. Each choice of disjoint crossings contributes exactly one partial matching, including the empty matching. This proves . Reversing the ordered products gives : differentiation of gives the same rational after swapping variables, and the unmatched normal product is unchanged.
The same calculation on the vacuum space computes every state coefficient . Apply its Wick expression to and set . This is legitimate because has only nonnegative powers of . All nonnegative oscillator modes in the normal product kill , and the negative part of is . Consequently is the state-valued Laurent series . Every coefficient is a finite sum, since the contraction pole order is bounded and the required sum of the 's is fixed. Apply coefficientwise. The formal Taylor identity follows by differentiating the binomial expansion of each power of . The normal parts obey that same Taylor identity. Hence the resulting iterate is precisely . This proves the complete iterate formula, including negative products, rather than only the singular OPE.
Apply step 1.2 termwise to the common expression in step 2.1. To justify every infinite-series operation, fix an input polynomial degree and project the output to degrees at most . Each unmatched normal product then has only finitely many modes in each variable: the positive indices are bounded by the input degree, and the creation indices are bounded by the output degree plus the input degree. It is therefore a Laurent polynomial after this projection, multiplied by the finite-order contraction poles. Step 1.2 applies without an infinite rearrangement. Since is arbitrary and every vector is a finite sum of homogeneous polynomials, the identity holds coefficientwise on all of . Substitute the two ordered products from step 2.1 and the iterate from step 3.1. The resulting equality is exactly the full module Jacobi identity in [F4], for all monomial states and thus all states by linearity. Along with step 1.1 this proves the module assertion. All calculations are algebraic and choice-free.
Depends on
- Rank-one Heisenberg oscillator fields and vacuum space
- The rank-one Heisenberg vacuum space is a conformal VOA of central charge one
- Module for an ordinary vertex algebra
- Formal delta substitution identity for module Jacobi
- Formal distributions and fields on a vector space
- Admissible module for a vertex operator algebra
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
11 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Tomoyuki Arakawa and Anne Moreau, Arc Spaces and Vertex Algebras (standard reference, not scraped)
- Christophe Nozaradan, Introduction to Vertex Algebras (standard reference, not scraped)