Alphabeta Math
LemmaStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedverified 2026-10-22 (gpt-6.1-sol)
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Uniqueness of a Radon measure representing a distribution

Statement

Let Ω⊆Rn be open. If two finite signed Radon measures on Ω have the same integrals against every function in Cc∞(Ω), then the measures are equal.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: An open set Ω⊆Rn and finite signed Radon measures μ,ν whose integrals agree on every compactly supported smooth test function.

[F1]

Under the repository convention, each finite signed Radon measure has finite total variation on Ω, and that total-variation measure is regular on all Borel sets. This all-Borel approximation follows already from the finite Radon convention: for a finite positive Radon measure ρ, a Borel A, and ϵ>0, choose compact C⊂Ω with ρ(Ω∖C)<ϵ/2, and open G⊃Ω∖A with ρ(G∩A)<ϵ/2. Then K=C∖G is compact in A and ρ(A∖K)<ϵ. For λ=μ−ν, the partition definition gives ∣λ∣≤∣μ∣+∣ν∣, so ∣λ∣ is finite and regular as well: compact inner and open outer approximations for the finite regular sum ∣μ∣+∣ν∣ also approximate ∣λ∣. (Regular complex Borel measures, Radon measure on an LCH space)

[F3]

A smooth bump can equal one on an inner ball and vanish outside a larger ball. (A smooth bump between concentric Euclidean balls)

[F4]

Dominated convergence applies to bounded pointwise-convergent cutoffs against the finite measure ∣λ∣. (Dominated convergence)

Proof

Given: The open set Ω and finite signed Radon measures μ,ν with equal integrals on smooth compactly supported tests.

1.1F1F2F3F4givenchooseconstruct

If Ω=∅, equality is immediate. If n=0 and Ω≠∅, its singleton indicator is a smooth compactly supported test and determines every measure. Assume henceforth n≥1. Set λ:=μ−ν. If K⊂Ω is compact and nonempty, then for every sufficiently large m, rational inner balls with doubled closures in Ω∩{x:dist⁡(x,K)<1/m} cover K; [F2] gives a finite subcover, and ordering finite rational lists by natural-number codes gives a least such cover. Put the fixed bump [F3] on each selected ball and combine them as ηm=1−∏j(1−ψm,j). Then 0≤ηm≤1, it equals one on K, is supported in the 1/m-neighborhood of K, and ηm(x)→1K(x). Since each ηm is a smooth compactly supported test function, ∫ηm dλ=0; dominated convergence [F4] with respect to the finite regular total-variation measure [F1] gives λ(K)=0. The empty compact set has measure zero directly.

2.1F1step 1.1given∎

For any Borel A⊆Ω and ε>0, inner regularity of ∣λ∣ [F1] gives a compact K⊆A with ∣λ∣(A∖K)<ε. Since step 1.1 gives λ(K)=0, we have ∣λ(A)∣≤∣λ∣(A∖K)<ε. Thus λ(A)=0 for every Borel A, so μ=ν.

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

78 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources