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The basic arcs detect the identity braid
Statement
Assume AC for the supplied well-definedness and isotopy invariance of geometric intersection numbers, including the normal-form contribution table, and to move between the boundary-fixed mapping class and its braid class (the Artin-to-smooth dictionary of Basic arcs, admissible curves and the standard normal form, including presentation completeness; the topological comparison is Braid group as boundary-fixed punctured-disk mapping classes). Let be a basic set of curves in and let be a boundary-fixed mapping class. If then in . Both iterates are required: the hypothesis on alone only forces to act on the basic arcs as a product of the standard twists, and the second iterate together with the freeness of the twist subgroup is what kills the exponents.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The standard picture with basic arcs , nested curves and twists , and a boundary-fixed mapping class whose intersection table with the basic arcs is the identity table for both and .
The action of on isotopy classes of admissible curves preserves the ordinary intersection number ; the hypotheses of the statement are invariant under replacing the basic set by a -translate, and the conclusion is conjugation invariant, so it suffices to prove the statement in the standard picture (Basic arcs, admissible curves and the standard normal form, Geometric intersection numbers are isotopy invariants).
If satisfies for all , then : the source's Lemma 3.4 isotopes to a representative fixing the spine pointwise and applies the disk mapping-class theorem, and the endpoint bookkeeping uses that the meet only consecutively (Basic arcs, admissible curves and the standard normal form).
If is an admissible curve with for all , then, in the standard picture, or when , or when , and when ; the proof is the source's Lemma 3.5, a finite read-off from the intersection tables of the normal form (String types and their contributions to geometric intersection numbers).
The twists commute, fixes up to isotopy for , and the subgroup generated by their classes is free abelian of rank (The standard twists commute and fix the complementary basic arcs, The standard nested twists generate a free abelian subgroup).
Proof
A preliminary identification. Suppose satisfies for all . Then by [L2], and in particular is isotopic to for every and the intersection table of with the basic set is the identity table.
The intersection table determines the action on the basic curves. Let be admissible and suppose for all . For , [L3] gives for an integer , with when ; for , it gives directly. Consequently, applying this to for each separately, there are integers and with
An explicit model for . Let . Since the twists commute and fixes the complementary basic arcs by [L4], one has for and ; comparing with step 1.2, for every . Applying step 1.1 to , which fixes each up to isotopy, gives .
The same for the square, and comparison of exponents. Applying the same argument to , whose intersection table with the basic set is also the identity table by hypothesis, produces integers and with Since , one has , and therefore
Freeness kills the exponents. By the freeness of the twist subgroup [L4], the relation forces for every . Since each lies in and each is even, the only possibility is for all ; hence , as required.
Conclusion. The identity intersection table for and forces . AC is inherited through the braid/mapping-class dictionary and the supplied well-definedness and isotopy invariance of geometric intersection numbers used in [L1] and [L3]; the local counts and exponent bookkeeping are finite.
Depends on
- The Axiom of Choice
- Braid group as boundary-fixed punctured-disk mapping classes
- Basic arcs, admissible curves and the standard normal form
- Geometric intersection numbers are isotopy invariants
- The standard twists commute and fix the complementary basic arcs
- The standard nested twists generate a free abelian subgroup
- String types and their contributions to geometric intersection numbers
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
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