Alphabeta Math
LemmaStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-generatedSession-authored (Fable 5 assisted)precheck passaudited 2026-08-27
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Hartogs figures give local extension across polydisc shells

Statement

Fix m2, a point a=(a1,,am)Cm, a polyradius ρ=(ρ1,,ρm), and real numbers 0<r,s<1. Let S(a,ρ;r,s) be the subset of the polydisc Δρ(a) defined by

S(a,ρ;r,s):={z:z1a1<ρ1, zmam<sρm, zjaj<ρj for 2jm1}{z:rρ1<z1a1<ρ1, zmam<ρm, zjaj<ρj for 2jm1}.

Every holomorphic function on S(a,ρ;r,s) extends uniquely to a holomorphic function on the whole polydisc Δρ(a).

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A holomorphic function on the coordinate shell S(a,ρ;r,s).

[L1]

A contour integral of a jointly continuous integrand that is holomorphic in one chosen complex parameter defines a holomorphic function of that parameter (A contour integral of a jointly continuous, parameter-holomorphic integrand is holomorphic).

[L2]

Cauchy's integral formula on a circle recovers a holomorphic one-variable function from any smaller concentric circle (Cauchy's integral formula on a circle compactly contained in a disc of holomorphy).

[L3]

Holomorphic functions on a connected open set agree everywhere once they agree on one nonempty open subset (A holomorphic function vanishing on a nonempty open subset of a domain vanishes identically).

[L4]

A separately holomorphic function that is locally bounded is jointly holomorphic (Locally bounded and separately holomorphic implies holomorphic).

[L5]

Polydiscs are products of coordinate discs (Balls, polydiscs and the distinguished boundary in Cm), and the two-variable Hartogs figure is the model set of The Hartogs figure H(r,s) and its bidisc hull.

Proof

technique · direct
1.1

By translating by a and scaling each coordinate by ρj1, we may reduce to the case a=0 and ρj=1 for all j. Then the shell is exactly H(r,s)×Δ1m2, with H(r,s) in the (z1,zm) variables and the middle variables passive.

L5construct
2.1

Fix ρ with r<ρ<1. On the domain Dρ:={z:z1<ρ, zj<1 for 2jm} define [construct] Fρ(z):=12πiζ=ρf(ζ,z2,,zm)ζz1dζ. Because ζ=ρ>r and zj<1 for j2, every point (ζ,z2,,zm) lies in the shell from step 1.1, so the integral is well defined.

L5step 1.1construct
3.1

Fix all variables except one coordinate of zDρ. For the z1 variable, the integrand in step 2.1 is jointly continuous on the contour times {z1<ρ} and holomorphic in z1, so [L1] makes z1Fρ(z) holomorphic. For any coordinate zk with 2km, the denominator is constant and the slice zkf(ζ,z2,,zm) is holomorphic on the unit disc because f is holomorphic on the shell. Another use of [L1] makes zkFρ(z) holomorphic. Therefore Fρ is separately holomorphic on Dρ.

L1step 2.1
3.2

If zm<s, then for fixed z2,,zm1 the slice z1f(z1,z2,,zm) is holomorphic on the full unit disc. Applying [L2] on the circle ζ=ρ gives Fρ(z)=f(z)(z1<ρ, zm<s, zj<1 for 2jm1). So Fρ agrees with f on a nonempty open subset of the shell.

L2step 2.1
4.1

Let KDρ be compact. Choose δ>0 so that z1ρδ on K. The set {(ζ,z2,,zm):ζ=ρ, zK} is a compact subset of the shell, so f has a finite bound MK there. The contour in step 2.1 has length 2πρ, and ζz1δ on that contour for zK, hence Fρ(z)12πζ=ρMKζz1dζρMKδ(zK). Thus Fρ is locally bounded on Dρ, so [L4] upgrades step 3.1 to joint holomorphicity on Dρ.

L4step 2.1step 3.1
5.1

If r<ρ1<ρ2<1, then both Fρ1 and Fρ2 are holomorphic on Dρ1 by step 4.1, and step 3.2 shows that they agree on the nonempty open subset of Dρ1 where zm<s. Therefore [L3] gives Fρ1=Fρ2 on all of Dρ1.

L3step 4.1step 3.2
6.1

For each point z of the full polydisc from step 1.1, choose any ρ with max{r,z1}<ρ<1 and set F(z):=Fρ(z). Step 5.1 makes this definition independent of ρ, and step 4.1 shows that F is holomorphic near each point. Step 3.2 shows that F extends the original f on the shell. If G is another holomorphic extension to the full polydisc, then F and G agree with f on the same nonempty open subset where zm<s, so [L3] forces F=G. Thus the extension is unique.

L3step 3.2step 4.1step 5.1

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

43 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources