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Hartogs figures give local extension across polydisc shells
Statement
Fix , a point , a polyradius , and real numbers . Let be the subset of the polydisc defined by
Every holomorphic function on extends uniquely to a holomorphic function on the whole polydisc .
Facts & Assumptions
Given: A holomorphic function on the coordinate shell .
A contour integral of a jointly continuous integrand that is holomorphic in one chosen complex parameter defines a holomorphic function of that parameter (A contour integral of a jointly continuous, parameter-holomorphic integrand is holomorphic).
Cauchy's integral formula on a circle recovers a holomorphic one-variable function from any smaller concentric circle (Cauchy's integral formula on a circle compactly contained in a disc of holomorphy).
Holomorphic functions on a connected open set agree everywhere once they agree on one nonempty open subset (A holomorphic function vanishing on a nonempty open subset of a domain vanishes identically).
A separately holomorphic function that is locally bounded is jointly holomorphic (Locally bounded and separately holomorphic implies holomorphic).
Polydiscs are products of coordinate discs (Balls, polydiscs and the distinguished boundary in ), and the two-variable Hartogs figure is the model set of The Hartogs figure H(r,s) and its bidisc hull.
Proof
By translating by and scaling each coordinate by , we may reduce to the case and for all . Then the shell is exactly , with in the variables and the middle variables passive.
Fix with . On the domain define [construct] Because and for , every point lies in the shell from step 1.1, so the integral is well defined.
Fix all variables except one coordinate of . For the variable, the integrand in step 2.1 is jointly continuous on the contour times and holomorphic in , so [L1] makes holomorphic. For any coordinate with , the denominator is constant and the slice is holomorphic on the unit disc because is holomorphic on the shell. Another use of [L1] makes holomorphic. Therefore is separately holomorphic on .
If , then for fixed the slice is holomorphic on the full unit disc. Applying [L2] on the circle gives So agrees with on a nonempty open subset of the shell.
Let be compact. Choose so that on . The set is a compact subset of the shell, so has a finite bound there. The contour in step 2.1 has length , and on that contour for , hence Thus is locally bounded on , so [L4] upgrades step 3.1 to joint holomorphicity on .
If , then both and are holomorphic on by step 4.1, and step 3.2 shows that they agree on the nonempty open subset of where . Therefore [L3] gives on all of .
For each point of the full polydisc from step 1.1, choose any with and set . Step 5.1 makes this definition independent of , and step 4.1 shows that is holomorphic near each point. Step 3.2 shows that extends the original on the shell. If is another holomorphic extension to the full polydisc, then and agree with on the same nonempty open subset where , so [L3] forces . Thus the extension is unique.
Depends on
- The Hartogs figure H(r,s) and its bidisc hull
- A contour integral of a jointly continuous, parameter-holomorphic integrand is holomorphic
- Cauchy's integral formula on a circle compactly contained in a disc of holomorphy
- A holomorphic function vanishing on a nonempty open subset of a domain vanishes identically
- Locally bounded and separately holomorphic implies holomorphic
- Balls, polydiscs and the distinguished boundary in $\mathbb{C}^m$
Used by
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Sources
- J. Lebl, Tasty Bits of Several Complex Variables, §2.1 (standard reference, not scraped)