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A numerated real bundle embeds in a finite trivial bundle
Statement
Let be compact Hausdorff and let be a rank- real vector bundle with a finite linear trivializing cover and a subordinate finite partition of unity . Then some and a bundle satisfy . The embedding and orthogonal complement construction uses only the supplied finite numeration.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: A compact Hausdorff space , a rank- real vector bundle , finitely many linear charts , and a finite subordinate partition .
Each bundle chart restricts on every fiber to a linear isomorphism (Real and complex topological vector bundles).
Subordination means (Locally finite partitions of unity and subordination to an open cover).
Proof
If , the conclusion is vacuous; assume is nonempty. For each define the th component of over by when , and by zero when . The real square-root function is continuous on (away from zero, ; at zero, whenever ). Because , every point outside has a neighborhood on which ; hence extending the chart component by zero is continuous there, and within it is a product of continuous coordinate functions. Hence each component, and therefore , is continuous. It is fiberwise linear.
If is nonzero, the partition identity gives some with . Then and [F1] makes , so the th component of is nonzero. Thus each is injective and has rank .
In local bundle coordinates, the matrix of has rank at every point. At any chosen , some minor is nonzero; continuity keeps that minor nonzero on a neighborhood. After reordering the target coordinates, the image there is the graph of a continuous matrix over . Thus is a rank- subbundle of the trivial bundle.
On a neighborhood with a continuous frame matrix for , the orthogonal projection onto is . The Gram matrix is positive definite and invertible; its inverse varies continuously because each inverse entry is a cofactor divided by the nonzero determinant, so is continuous. Therefore has locally constant rank and its image is a subbundle . Fiberwise orthogonal decomposition gives , and identifies with . If , take and .
Depends on
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
8 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- M. F. Atiyah, K-Theory (lectures, notes by D. W. Anderson, 1967), with K-Theory and Reality reprint (standard reference, not scraped)
- Max Karoubi, Lectures on K-theory, ICTP Lecture Notes (2004) (standard reference, not scraped)
- Jost-Hinrich Eschenburg and Bernhard Hanke, Bott–Thom isomorphism, Hopf bundles and Morse theory (2021) (standard reference, not scraped)