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Singular circle measures have Poisson integral tending nontangentially to zero almost everywhere

Statement

Assume countable choice. Let μ be a finite positive Borel measure on T singular with respect to normalized Haar measure m. Then, for m-almost every ζ∈T and every A>1, lim⁡z→ζ, z∈ΓA(ζ)P[μ](z)=0. The zero measure is allowed.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Countable choice, the finite positive singular measure μ, and the normalized circle conventions.

[F1]

Under countable choice, finite Borel measures on the compact metric circle are regular. Singularity supplies a Borel set E with m(E)=0 and μ(T∖E)=0. For every ε>0, inner regularity provides a compact K⊆E with μ(T∖K)<ε. The Haar measure is a probability measure. (Locally finite Borel measures on second-countable LCH spaces are regular, The one-dimensional torus and its normalized Haar integral, The Axiom of Countable Choice (ACω))

[F2]

For each finite regular positive Borel measure ρ, the circle maximal function satisfies m{MTρ>λ}≤3ρ(T)/λ for λ>0. Moreover NA(P[ρ])≤(A+1)2MTρ for A>1. Both results assume countable choice. (The circle maximal function is weak type one one for finite measures, Poisson nontangential maximal function is controlled by circle maximal averages, The circle maximal function and nontangential approach regions)

[F3]

Restrictions are measures and remain finite regular Borel measures here by [F1]. The kernel is (1−∣z∣2)/∣η−z∣2, and the Poisson integral is linear in its measure. (Restriction of a measure to a measurable set, The restriction of a measure to a measurable set is a measure, The Poisson kernel on the unit disc, The Poisson integral of a finite complex boundary measure)

Proof

1.1F1F3givenconstructalgebra

Fix ε>0 and choose the compact null set K in [F1]. Split μ=μK+ρ, its restrictions to K and its complement; then ρ(T)<ε. At a circle point ζ∉K, compactness gives d=dist⁡(ζ,K)>0 if K is nonempty. For ∣z−ζ∣<d/2, [F3] gives P[μK](z)≤4d−2(1−∣z∣2)μ(T)⟶0. If K is empty, this integral is already zero. This limit holds along every approach within the disc, not only a radius.

2.1F1F2step 1.1constructalgebra

Fix A>1 and t>0, and let BA,t be the circle points where the nontangential limsup of P[μ] in ΓA is greater than t. For ζ∉K, step 1.1 and positivity imply that this limsup is the limsup for P[ρ]. Thus [F2] gives BA,t⊆K ∪ {MTρ>t/(A+1)2}. The right side is Borel and has Haar measure at most 3(A+1)2ε/t. Since ε is arbitrary, BA,t has Haar outer measure zero. This argument does not assume measurability of the cone limsup.

3.1F1F2step 2.1algebra∎

For each integer j≥2 and k≥1, apply step 2.1 with A=j and t=1/k. A set of outer measure zero is contained in a Borel null set: choose Borel supersets of mass less than 2−l and intersect them, using countable choice. By countable choice choose these null supersets for the countable pairs (j,k) and take their union, a Borel null set. Outside that union, positivity gives limsup zero in every cone of integer aperture j≥2, hence the limit zero there. Every cone of aperture A>1 is contained in one with integer aperture j>A, so the same full-measure set works for all A. For μ=0 the integral is identically zero throughout.

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