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KKR restriction to legal unary clocks

Statement

For T clock qubits let Slegal=span⁡{∣1t0T−t⟩:0≤t≤T} and HclockKKR=∑1≤i<j≤TI⊗∣01⟩⟨01∣CiCj. Its kernel is Slegal and every illegal computational-basis clock word has eigenvalue at least one. Let H0 be the sum of the remaining weighted KKR terms, with K≥∥H0∥, and let g>0 be the soundness gap allocated before this restriction. Any integer Jclock>2K+4K2/g makes the projection-lemma error strictly less than g/4. The clock penalty is 2-local even though it has O(T2) summands.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: T unary clock qubits, the remaining KKR Hamiltonian H0, a polynomial norm bound K, and inverse-polynomial g.

[F1]

Projection lemma for a large penalty: a penalty with gap J outside a zero space changes the compressed least eigenvalue by at most K2/(J−2K) when J>2K.

[F2]

Feynman–Kitaev history Hamiltonian: legal unary words are 1t0T−t and each two-qubit clock projector is a 2-local term.

Proof

1.1givenF2algebra

The sum is diagonal in the computational clock basis. It has eigenvalue equal to the number of pairs i<j with bit i=0 and bit j=1. This number is zero exactly when no zero precedes a one, which is equivalent to a word 1t0T−t; every other word has at least one such pair and hence eigenvalue at least one. Thus its zero space and gap are as stated.

2.1F1step 1.1algebra∎

Apply [F1] with S=Slegal, H1=H0 and H2=JclockHclockKKR. The spectral penalty on S⊥ is at least Jclock, while it vanishes on S. The chosen strict bound gives Jclock−2K>4K2/g, and so the correction K2/(Jclock−2K)<g/4. For polynomial resource bounds, choose specifically Jclock=⌊2K+4K2/g⌋+1, using a supplied rational norm bound K. This is strictly above the threshold and at most 2K+4K2/g+1. If K and 1/g are polynomially bounded and their encodings have polynomial length, this choice has polynomial magnitude and bit length, and the O(T2) term list has polynomial size; no size bound is claimed for arbitrary larger admissible integers.

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