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An elementary Seifert enlargement preserves the algebraic concordance class
Statement
Assume full AC for any knot-derived Seifert matrix. Let be an integral Seifert matrix and let or be either elementary enlargement in the definition of S-equivalence, where and . Then and are integral Seifert lattices, and each represents the same element of as .
Statement references
Facts & Assumptions
Given: An integral Seifert matrix of size , integers of the stated sizes, and full AC only when is instantiated as a knot pairing.
Full AC is required by the knot Seifert-pairing interface; the matrix argument below is choice-free. The Axiom of Choice
The elementary enlargement matrices are S-equivalence of integral Seifert matrices
An integral Seifert lattice has even rank and unimodular skew part; it represents zero in when it has a rank-half direct summand on which its bilinear form vanishes, and direct sum is the group operation. Metabolic Seifert forms and algebraic knot concordance
The negative lattice represents the additive inverse of in . The negative Seifert form represents the algebraic inverse
Proof
For each displayed enlargement, its skew part has block form where , , , and . If is knot-derived, [A1] is the choice hypothesis for its Seifert-pairing convention; the following lattice calculation itself is choice-free. Since is unimodular, choose the integral vector and replace the penultimate basis vector by itself plus the old-basis combination . This integral basis change removes the block and leaves . Both blocks are unimodular, so each enlargement is an integral Seifert lattice.
In , take the subgroup generated by for the old basis vectors and by , where is the last basis vector of the enlarged lattice. Its rank is , half the total rank. The two displayed enlargement matrices have zero old-to-, -to-old, and -to- entries. The and blocks cancel on the diagonal generators, while all pairings involving vanish. Therefore the form vanishes on this subgroup.
The subgroup in step 1.2 is a direct summand: its generators, together with and for every old basis vector, form an integral basis because subtracting from gives . It is therefore a metabolizer. By [F2], , and [F3] gives in .
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Sources
- W. B. Raymond Lickorish, An Introduction to Knot Theory (standard reference, not scraped)
- Charles Livingston, A Survey of Classical Knot Concordance (standard reference, not scraped)