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Translations are diffeomorphisms and their differentials trivialize the tangent bundle
Statement
Assume . For every in a Lie group , the maps and are diffeomorphisms with respective inverses and . Moreover,
and
are smooth vector-bundle isomorphisms over .
The countable-choice assumption is used exactly through the supplied theorem that equips tangent bundles and global differentials with their smooth structures.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: , a Lie group with identity , and .
is countable choice. The Axiom of Countable Choice ().
Left and right translations are and , and both are smooth. Left and right translations on a Lie group.
Assuming , the global differential of a smooth map is smooth between the canonical smooth tangent bundles. Assuming countable choice, the global differential of a smooth map is smooth.
The differential of a diffeomorphism is a linear isomorphism on every tangent space. The differential of a diffeomorphism is an isomorphism.
A fibrewise bijective smooth bundle map over a diffeomorphism is a vector-bundle isomorphism. A fibrewise bijective smooth bundle map over a diffeomorphism is a bundle isomorphism.
Proof
The group laws give and . All four translations are smooth by [F2], so and are diffeomorphisms with the asserted inverses.
Let be multiplication. Near an arbitrary , choose product coordinates in which is represented by a smooth map . The local matrix of is the second-variable Jacobian , whose entries are smooth in . Equivalently, this is the restriction of the smooth global differential supplied by [F3]. Therefore is a smooth bundle map. The same calculation with the variables reversed gives smoothness of .
By [F4] and step 1.1, each fibre map and is a linear isomorphism. Hence and are fibrewise linear bijections over .
Apply [F5] to the smooth fibrewise bijections from steps 2.1 and 1.2 over . Both and are vector-bundle isomorphisms. Fibrewise, their inverses are and , respectively.
A Lie group is nonempty. If , all tangent fibres are zero spaces and the displayed maps are the unique fibre maps; if , the same proof applies. No metric or nondegeneracy condition occurs, and the group is boundaryless by the page convention. The only choice assumption is the stated , used through [F3] for the canonical smooth tangent bundles/global differential; all group operations and local computations are supplied or pointwise and add no choice. The item asserts explicit inverse identities but no biconditional.
Depends on
- The Axiom of Countable Choice ($\mathrm{AC}_\omega$)
- Left and right translations on a Lie group
- Assuming countable choice, the global differential of a smooth map is smooth
- The differential of a diffeomorphism is an isomorphism
- A fibrewise bijective smooth bundle map over a diffeomorphism is a bundle isomorphism
Used by
- Left Maurer--Cartan form Definition
- Left- and right-invariant vector fields Definition
- The left-translated distribution associated to a Lie subalgebra Definition
- The Lie bracket of left-invariant fields is left invariant Proposition
- Left-invariant vector fields evaluate isomorphically at the identity Theorem
- The Lie-group exponential map is smooth with identity differential at zero Theorem
Dependency tree · two levels
20 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Anthony W. Knapp, Lie Groups Beyond an Introduction, 2nd ed. (standard reference, not scraped)
- Alexander Kirillov Jr., An Introduction to Lie Groups and Lie Algebras (standard reference, not scraped)