How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
A complete locally small category with a small coseparating set and intersections of all subobject collections has an initial object
Statement
Let be complete and locally small, let be a supplied small coseparating set, and suppose that every collection of subobjects of any fixed object has an intersection as a greatest lower bound. Then has an initial object.
The intersection hypothesis is about collections of subobjects and is not being represented as a limit of a proper-class diagram.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The category , the supplied coseparating set , and the intersection hypothesis in the Statement.
Completeness supplies every product and equalizer indexed by a set (Finite, small, and large limits and colimits; complete and cocomplete categories, Limits and colimits as terminal cones and initial cocones, with existence and uniqueness in their universal properties).
Local smallness makes each a set (Small, locally small, and large categories).
A coseparating set detects distinct parallel maps by postcomposition (Separating and coseparating sets of objects).
For a family of subobjects of indexed by a set , an intersection is a greatest lower bound in the subobject order: a subobject with for every , such that every with for all satisfies (Intersection of a supplied family of subobjects as its greatest lower bound). The hypothesis of this theorem extends the same greatest-lower-bound condition to possibly proper collections of subobjects, and that extension is supplied by the Statement, not by the cited definition.
Every equalizer morphism is monic (Every equalizer is a monomorphism, and every coequalizer is an epimorphism).
Identity morphisms are monic and epic, and composites of monomorphisms are monic (Identities and composites of monomorphisms or epimorphisms retain cancellation; split monomorphisms are monic and split epimorphisms are epic).
In a pullback square, the pullback of a monomorphism is a monomorphism (A pullback of a monomorphism is a monomorphism, and a pushout of an epimorphism is an epimorphism).
Proof
Form the set-indexed product . By the Statement's hypothesis in the sense recorded in [L4], the collection of all subobjects of , possibly a proper collection, has an intersection . This invokes that order-theoretic greatest lower bound directly and does not form a proper-class diagram.
Fix an object . By [L2], the canonical evaluation map is a set-indexed product map, and [L3] makes it monic. Repeating each projection of defines . Pull back along to obtain with a map ; that pullback of the monomorphism is monic by [L7], so is a subobject of . Since lies below every subobject of , [L4] gives , hence a map .
If , their equalizer is monic by [L5], and the composite is monic by [L6], hence a subobject of . Minimality of gives a factorisation over , so and — the latter monic by [L6] — represent the same subobject and is invertible. Therefore . Step 2.1 gives existence and this step gives uniqueness for every target, so is initial.
Depends on
- Separating and coseparating sets of objects
- Intersection of a supplied family of subobjects as its greatest lower bound
- Finite, small, and large limits and colimits; complete and cocomplete categories
- Small, locally small, and large categories
- Limits and colimits as terminal cones and initial cocones, with existence and uniqueness in their universal properties
- Equalizers and coequalizers as limits and colimits of a parallel pair
- Monomorphism and epimorphism by left and right cancellation
- Every equalizer is a monomorphism, and every coequalizer is an epimorphism
- Identities and composites of monomorphisms or epimorphisms retain cancellation; split monomorphisms are monic and split epimorphisms are epic
- A pullback of a monomorphism is a monomorphism, and a pushout of an epimorphism is an epimorphism
Used by
Dependency tree · next 3 levels
Direct dependencies and their dependencies through the next three levels: 35 results over 11 levels. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, and this result sits at the bottom with a heavier outline. Click the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- E. Riehl, Category Theory in Context, lemma 4.7.11 (standard reference, not scraped)
- S. Mac Lane, Categories for the Working Mathematician, theorem V.8.1 (standard reference, not scraped)