How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Equalizers and coequalizers as limits and colimits of a parallel pair
Definition
For parallel morphisms , an equalizer is a limit of that parallel-pair diagram (Limits and colimits as terminal cones and initial cocones, with existence and uniqueness in their universal properties). It is a morphism satisfying such that, whenever satisfies , there is a unique with .
A coequalizer is a colimit of the parallel pair. It is a morphism satisfying such that, whenever satisfies , there is a unique with .
Depends on
Used by
- Every equalizer is a monomorphism, and every coequalizer is an epimorphism Corollary
- A reflexive coequalizer of sets not preserved by Set(ℕ,-) Counterexample
- Assuming Choice, nonempty sets have all small products but a parallel pair with no equalizer and hence a diagram with no limit Counterexample
- The group coequalizer of doubling and zero on the integers is not its underlying-set coequalizer Counterexample
- Freyd's axioms A0, A1, A1*, A2, A2*, A3, and A3* for abelian categories Definition
- Kernels and cokernels in a category with zero morphisms as equalizers and coequalizers Definition
- Reflexive parallel pairs and reflexive coequalizers Definition
- Split coequalizer diagrams Definition
- Equalizers in Set are agreement subsets and coequalizers are quotients by the generated equivalence relation Example
- In a poset regarded as a category, products are infima, coproducts are suprema, and equalizers are automatic Example
- The equalizer of two group homomorphisms is their agreement subgroup Example
- FALSE: every category has all small limits False statement
- Supplied created canonical presentations give a quasi-inverse to the comparison functor Lemma
- Under dependent choice, algebras for a finitary monad on a complete cocomplete locally small category have coequalizers Lemma
- Over a cocomplete base, a monadic category is cocomplete exactly when it has coequalizers Proposition
- A complete locally small category with a jointly weakly initial set has an initial object, without class-indexed choice Theorem
- A complete locally small category with a small coseparating set and intersections of all subobject collections has an initial object Theorem
- A set-valued coend is the disjoint union of the diagonal values modulo the dinaturality relation Theorem
- A splitting of an idempotent is simultaneously an equalizer and a coequalizer and is unique up to unique isomorphism Theorem
- An end is the equalizer of two products, and a coend the coequalizer of two coproducts Theorem
- Every algebra is the coequalizer of its canonical pair of free algebras Theorem
- Every small colimit can be constructed as a coequalizer between coproducts over the arrows and objects of the index category Theorem
- Every small limit can be constructed as an equalizer between products over the objects and arrows of the index category Theorem
- Every split coequalizer is a coequalizer and an absolute colimit Theorem
- Finite, nonempty finite, and connected finite (co)limit criteria in terms of products, equalizers, pullbacks, terminal objects, and their duals Theorem
- In a preadditive category, the equalizer of a parallel pair is the kernel of their difference Theorem
- The sheaf axiom is the equalizer condition on a cover Theorem
Dependency tree · two levels
3 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- E. Riehl, Category Theory in Context, Definition 3.1.15 (standard reference, not scraped)