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A family into a parametrised end is natural, or dinatural, in the parameter exactly when its composite with the counit is
Statement
Let be a functor with a chosen parametrised end (Ends and coends with parameters), with counit components and carrying the functor structure of A chosen family of ends is the object part of exactly one functor making the counit natural in the parameters.
Natural clause. Let be a functor and let be a family indexed by the objects of . Then a family into a parametrised end is natural in the parameter exactly when its composite with the counit is: is a natural transformation (Natural transformation and its components) if and only if, for every object of , the family is natural in .
Dinatural clause. Suppose instead the parameter category is (Opposite category , Product category and its projection functors), let be an object of , and let be a family indexed by the objects of . Then is a wedge from to (Wedges and cowedges, and the categories they form) if and only if, for every object of , the family is a wedge from to .
Facts & Assumptions
Given: A functor on with a chosen parametrised end and its functor structure ; for the natural clause a functor and a family ; for the dinatural clause a parameter category of the form , an object and a family .
An end of is a terminal object of the category of wedges over and a coend an initial object of the category of cowedges under ; in short, an end is a terminal wedge and a coend an initial cowedge, so a wedge factors through a terminal one by exactly one morphism (The end and the coend of a functor ).
A wedge from to is a dinatural transformation from a constant functor to : a family with ; precomposing a wedge with a morphism of the vertex again gives a wedge (Wedges and cowedges, and the categories they form).
A parametrised end of is a choice, for every object of the parameter category, of an end taken in the two dinatural variables with the remaining variables held fixed (Ends and coends with parameters).
A chosen parametrised end carries exactly one functor structure making every counit component natural in the parameter, characterised by (A chosen family of ends is the object part of exactly one functor making the counit natural in the parameters).
A natural transformation is a family such that every satisfies the naturality equation (Natural transformation and its components).
A morphism of is a pair whose first coordinate is a morphism of and whose second is a morphism of , with componentwise composition (Product category and its projection functors).
The opposite category has the same objects and reverses every morphism: (Opposite category ).
Proof
Fix and an object of . The two morphisms at issue for the natural clause are and , and their composites with are and, by the defining equation of [L1], . Two morphisms whose composites with agree for every are equal, because the common composite family is the terminal wedge precomposed with a morphism, hence a wedge, and it has exactly one factorisation through .
For the forward direction of the natural clause, suppose is natural in . Then for every the family is the composite of the natural family with the family , which is natural by [L1]; a composite of two natural families is natural by the naturality equation of [F3] applied twice, so is natural in .
For the converse direction of the natural clause, suppose every is natural in . Its naturality equation at reads , so by step 1.1 the morphisms and have the same composite with for every and are therefore equal. Since was arbitrary, is natural in the parameter.
For the dinatural clause, fix in . The wedge equation for at is , an equation between morphisms , where and are the two morphisms of that the wedge equation names. Composing with and applying the defining equation of [L1] at each of them turns the two sides into and , whose equality for every is exactly the wedge equation for the family over . So the wedge equation for implies the one downstairs by composition, and conversely if it holds downstairs for every then the two morphisms of the wedge equation for agree after composition with every , hence are equal by step 1.1.
Remarks
Only the converse directions have content, and what they spend is the uniqueness half of the end's universal property rather than its existence half: two morphisms into an end that agree after composition with every counit component are equal. The forward directions are composition, and would hold for any chosen family of objects with a counit natural in the parameter.
The dinatural clause is the step that the Fubini theorem spends. There the parameter is itself the pair of variables in which the outer end is taken, so what has to be transported across the two orders of integration is the wedge condition in that parameter rather than naturality.
Depends on
- A chosen family of ends is the object part of exactly one functor making the counit natural in the parameters
- Ends and coends with parameters
- The end and the coend of a functor $\mathcal C^{\mathrm{op}}\times\mathcal C\to\mathcal D$
- Natural transformation and its components
- Wedges and cowedges, and the categories they form
- Opposite category $\mathcal C^{\mathrm{op}}$
- Product category and its projection functors
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
13 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- G. M. Kelly, Basic Concepts of Enriched Category Theory (TAC Reprints 10), (2.6) (standard reference, not scraped)