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TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedprecheck passjudge pass (gpt-6.1-sol)audited 2026-10-08
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An amenable locally compact group with property (T) is compact

Statement

Assume the Axiom of Choice (The Axiom of Choice). Let G be a locally compact Hausdorff group (Locally compact topological space: every point has a compact neighbourhood; and what this says in a metric space, Hausdorff space: distinct points have disjoint open neighbourhoods; every metrizable space is Hausdorff and the indiscrete topology on two points is not). If G is amenable (Amenable locally compact group) and has property (T) (Kazhdan's property (T)), then G is compact. Equivalently, no non-compact locally compact group can be both amenable and a Kazhdan group.

Facts & Assumptions

[F1]

The group is amenable in the sense of Amenable locally compact group, and under AC the Hulanicki-Reiter criterion identifies this with 1G≺λG (The Hulanicki–Reiter weak containment criterion for amenability).

[F2]

The left regular representation λG on L2(G) is a strongly continuous unitary representation (Left and right regular unitary representations of an LCH group). For an LCH group, 1G≺λG is equivalent under AC to λG having almost invariant unit vectors (Weak containment of the trivial representation and almost invariant vectors, Almost invariant vectors for a unitary representation).

[F3]

Property (T) says that every strongly continuous unitary representation with almost invariant vectors has a nonzero invariant vector (Kazhdan's property (T)).

[F4]

For a fixed left Haar measure on an LCH group, a nonzero invariant vector of λG implies that the total Haar measure is finite, and finite total Haar measure implies that G is compact (Compactness, finite Haar volume and invariant vectors in the regular representation).

[F5]

AC is the principle that every family of nonempty sets has a choice function (The Axiom of Choice); it is assumed in the Hulanicki-Reiter and weak-containment suppliers and in the finite-Haar-volume criterion.

Proof

technique · pass from amenability to almost invariance of the left regular representation, apply property (T), then use the finite-Haar-volume criterion
1.1F1F2F5

Since G is amenable, the Hulanicki-Reiter criterion in [F1] gives 1G≺λG. By [F2], the left regular representation therefore has almost invariant unit vectors.

2.1F2F3step 1.1

By [F2], λG is a strongly continuous unitary representation. Its almost invariant vectors from step 1.1 and property (T) in [F3] give a nonzero G-invariant vector in L2(G).

3.1F4F5step 2.1∎

The nonzero invariant vector from step 2.1 makes the Haar measure finite by [F4], and finite Haar measure forces G to be compact by [F4].

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