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AC implies DC implies countable choice
Statement
In ZF,
DC here includes a prescribed initial point.
Facts & Assumptions
The Axiom of Choice: AC selects from every family of nonempty sets.
The axiom of dependent choice: a relation in which every element is related to something admits an -indexed chain: DC supplies a serial path from any prescribed point.
The recursion theorem: A specified self-map and initial point give a unique omega sequence.
The Axiom of Countable Choice (): Countable choice selects from every omega-indexed nonempty family.
Choice for pairs and countable finite choice: The restricted principles have precisely the stated index and finite-size restrictions.
Proof
Given: The objects and hypotheses in the statement.
Assume AC, let be serial on , and fix . Apply AC to the successor sets to get a function with . Repeated successor sets use the same selected value.
Assume DC and let be a nonempty-set family. The set of finite functions with domain some and contains the empty function. One-step extension is serial: for a particular , one point of extends it. DC starting at the empty function gives nested of domain . Their union is a function on omega selecting from each .
Recurse with and . This is the prescribed path and proves AC implies DC.
The remaining implications restrict the eligible input families: nonempty finite sets are nonempty sets, and pairs are finite nonempty sets; AC also applies to any set-indexed family of pairs. This includes singleton-valued families without additional choices.
Depends on
- The Axiom of Choice
- The axiom of dependent choice: a relation in which every element is related to something admits an $\mathbb{N}$-indexed chain
- The Axiom of Countable Choice ($\mathrm{AC}_\omega$)
- The recursion theorem
- Every natural-number-indexed list of nonempty sets has a choice function on its family of values
- Choice for pairs and countable finite choice
Used by
- Conditional flow matching for inverse posteriors Algorithm
- Truncated Milnor invariants from a based link diagram Algorithm
- A degree-zero line bundle with a nonzero section is trivial Corollary
- All four classical braid models realize the Artin presentation Corollary
- Bounded harmonic functions have L-infinity Fatou boundary data Corollary
- Deformation cohomology of a smooth scheme: tangent, obstruction and automorphism spaces Corollary
- Embedding obstructions include all immersion normal-class obstructions Corollary
- Enhanced A-polynomial and Alexander degree identify torus knots Corollary
- Euler number ±1 makes the Milnor sphere bundle a homotopy seven-sphere Corollary
- Finite-dimensional coherent cohomology over a field Corollary
- First Cousin problem on a pseudoconvex domain Corollary
- High normal Pontryagin classes obstruct low-codimension immersions Corollary
- High normal Stiefel-Whitney classes obstruct low-codimension immersions Corollary
- Index-one trajectory moduli spaces are finite Corollary
- Knot Alexander normalization, symmetry, and genus bound Corollary
- Local integrability of measurable conformal structures Corollary
- Minkowski convex-body theorem at equality Corollary
- Nontrivial degree-zero line bundles have no sections Corollary
- Positive-degree Dolbeault vanishing on pseudoconvex domains Corollary
- The degree of a divisor descends to the Picard group of a normal proper curve Corollary
- The knot Alexander polynomial multiplies under connected sum Corollary
- The Milnor homotopy seven-spheres are homeomorphic to S⁷ Corollary
- The pure braid extension splits as a semidirect product Corollary
- The Solovay model has no Banach–Tarski decomposition Corollary
- The Solovay model has no Vitali or Bernstein set Corollary
- Unordered planar configuration spaces are aspherical Corollary
- Vanishing of the deformation tangent space forces rigidity of deformation classes Corollary
- A decomposable color with nonscalar twist has no single writhe correction Counterexample
- A global section of the quotient that does not lift, and its nonzero connecting class Counterexample
- A homogeneous quotient without invariant measure Counterexample
- A Weil divisor that is not Cartier at the vertex of the quadric cone Counterexample
- An abstract annulus need not be a smooth concordance Counterexample
- An immersed disk in the four-ball cannot always be cleaned relative to its boundary Counterexample
- Conjugacy alone does not classify braid closures Counterexample
- Degree 2g does not force very ampleness Counterexample
- Degree 2g-1 does not force base-point-freeness Counterexample
- Equal zero-traces do not force smooth concordance Counterexample
- Forgetting framing identifies distinct skein classes Counterexample
- Forgetting the compact-open topology destroys Pontryagin duality Counterexample
- Infinite-dimensional Gaussian random-walk reverse flow is singular Counterexample
…and 449 more results.
Dependency tree · two levels
20 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Jech, The Axiom of Choice, §2.4, pp.22–23 (standard reference, not scraped)