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Closed bounded test function sets are compact
Statement
Assume Countable Choice and Dependent Choice. Every closed bounded subset of is compact in its LF topology.
Facts & Assumptions
Bounded tests have a common compact support and uniform bounds on every derivative seminorm (Bounded test function sets have common compact support).
The fixed-support space is complete for (Fixed support test function spaces are complete).
Under the stated choice assumptions, equicontinuous pointwise-bounded real families on a nonempty compact metric space have compact sup-norm closure (Arzelà--Ascoli for real under Countable Choice and Dependent Choice: compact closure iff equicontinuous and pointwise bounded).
Under these assumptions a complete totally bounded metric space is compact, and compact metric spaces are totally bounded (For a metric space, compact, countably compact, limit point compact, sequentially compact, and complete together with totally bounded are all equivalent, given countable choice and dependent choice).
The stage inclusion is continuous (Test function lf topology universal property).
The mean-value inequality bounds increments along line segments by a uniform derivative bound (The mean value inequality: if is continuous and differentiable on with , then ).
Assume The Axiom of Countable Choice () and The axiom of dependent choice: a relation in which every element is related to something admits an -indexed chain. They supply F3 and F4; no assertion of their necessity is made.
Proof
Given: a closed bounded and F7.
Empty is compact. Otherwise F1 gives compact containing all supports, with . Regard the tests as globally smooth zero extensions and choose a nondegenerate closed box whose interior contains . For every multi-index , the real and imaginary parts of , , are uniformly bounded by . Their segment derivatives have norm at most times the segment direction norm. F6 therefore gives a common Lipschitz bound on , proving equicontinuity. F3 applies to each real family.
Fix and choose with . For each of the finitely many real and imaginary derivative families through order , F3 and F4 give a finite sup-norm -net, with . Assign each the first net center within for each coordinate, using fixed finite listings. There are finitely many joint labels. Choose one member of each nonempty label class. If have the same label, their real and imaginary derivative differences through order are each less than , so . F2's metric then gives . The finitely many representatives form an -net for , proving total boundedness without an infinite diagonal selection.
By F5 the inverse image of the LF-closed set in is closed; it is just . A Cauchy sequence in converges in by F2 and its limit belongs to by closedness. Thus is complete. F4 and step 2.1 imply metric compactness in . For any LF-open cover of , inverse images under F5 give a stage-open cover; a finite subcover there is a finite subcover in the LF space. This proves the required compactness. If has empty interior, all its tests vanish and is a subset of the singleton zero space. F7 is used through F3 and F4, with no stronger choice.
Depends on
- Bounded test function sets have common compact support
- Fixed support test function spaces are complete
- Arzelà--Ascoli for real $C(K)$ under Countable Choice and Dependent Choice: compact closure iff equicontinuous and pointwise bounded
- The Axiom of Countable Choice ($\mathrm{AC}_\omega$)
- The axiom of dependent choice: a relation in which every element is related to something admits an $\mathbb{N}$-indexed chain
- For a metric space, compact, countably compact, limit point compact, sequentially compact, and complete together with totally bounded are all equivalent, given countable choice and dependent choice
- Test function lf topology universal property
- The mean value inequality: if $f : [a,b] \to \mathbb{R}^m$ is continuous and differentiable on $(a,b)$ with $\lVert f'\rVert_2 \le M$, then $\lVert f(b)-f(a)\rVert_2 \le M(b-a)$
Used by
Nothing in the library uses this result yet.
Dependency tree · two levels
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Sources
- Razvan Gelca, Functional Analysis; complete Chapter 7 reading recorded in batch coverage (standard reference, not scraped)