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Coadjoint orbits are symplectic manifolds
Statement
Assume . Let be a coadjoint orbit with its canonical immersed homogeneous-space structure and let be the KKS form of The Kirillov--Kostant--Souriau form on a coadjoint orbit. Then is a smooth, closed, nondegenerate two-form on , so is a symplectic manifold. It is -invariant, and the inclusion satisfies the component moment equations for the coadjoint action. It is the unique two-form on for which the inclusion is an infinitesimal moment map, hence in particular the unique -invariant symplectic form with that property.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: , a coadjoint orbit with its canonical structure, and the KKS form .
is countable choice; it is used only through the orbit and fundamental-field suppliers cited below.
The KKS form is defined by and is independent of representatives. The Kirillov--Kostant--Souriau form on a coadjoint orbit, The KKS formula is independent of the Lie-algebra representatives.
The infinitesimal orbit map has image all of and kernel , and is smooth. Kernel of the infinitesimal orbit map, Every orbit is an injectively immersed homogeneous space.
The fundamental field of the coadjoint action satisfies . The coadjoint representation, action and orbits.
Fundamental fields are equivariant: , and preserves brackets because the differential of a Lie-group homomorphism is a Lie-algebra homomorphism. Adjoint intertwines the exponential map, Adjoint is a smooth Lie-group representation, Differential of a Lie-group homomorphism is a Lie-algebra homomorphism, Fundamental vector fields for a left action.
Cartan's magic formula holds, and whenever the flow of preserves . Cartan's magic formula, A tensor field is flow-invariant exactly when its Lie derivative vanishes.
The inclusion is smooth, and its components are linear on the vector space , so for . Every orbit is an injectively immersed homogeneous space.
Proof
By [F1] the KKS prescription gives, at every , an alternating bilinear form on , because the bracket is bilinear and alternating.
Smoothness: fix and, using [F2], choose finitely many whose fields form a basis of . By continuity the same fields are linearly independent on a neighbourhood of , and they are smooth by [F2], so they form a smooth frame of . On the frame values are smooth functions, and expanding two smooth fields in the frame with smooth coefficients shows that is smooth on ; such neighbourhoods cover .
Nondegeneracy: let and suppose for all . Then for all , so by [F3], so and by [F2]. Hence the radical of is zero.
-invariance: for and , step 1.1 and [F4] give
The inclusion satisfies the moment equation: for and , [F6] and [F3] give Since the vectors span by [F2], this is exactly .
Closedness: the flow of is the action of the one-parameter group , which preserves by step 2.3, so by [F5]. By step 2.4 the one-form is exact, hence closed. Cartan's formula [F5] gives ; since the fields span each tangent space by [F2], .
Uniqueness: let be any two-form on for which the inclusion satisfies the same component moment equations. Then for all , and the fundamental fields span each tangent space by [F2], so .
Depends on
- The Kirillov--Kostant--Souriau form on a coadjoint orbit
- The KKS formula is independent of the Lie-algebra representatives
- Kernel of the infinitesimal orbit map
- Every orbit is an injectively immersed homogeneous space
- The coadjoint representation, action and orbits
- Adjoint intertwines the exponential map
- Adjoint is a smooth Lie-group representation
- Differential of a Lie-group homomorphism is a Lie-algebra homomorphism
- A tensor field is flow-invariant exactly when its Lie derivative vanishes
- Cartan's magic formula
- Lie algebras over a field
- The Axiom of Countable Choice ($\mathrm{AC}_\omega$)
- Fundamental vector fields for a left action
Used by
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Sources
- Eckhard Meinrenken, Symplectic Geometry (standard reference, not scraped)
- Ana Cannas da Silva, Lectures on Symplectic Geometry (standard reference, not scraped)