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TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedaudited 2026-09-14
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Gitik's symmetric submodel satisfies ZF

Statement

The finite-support symmetric class NG is a transitive model of every axiom of ZF. In particular it satisfies full Separation, Replacement and Power Set. No choice function used in the ground or intermediate construction is thereby made an element of NG, and Choice is not part of the conclusion.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The Gitik class extension and finite-support symmetric system of the preceding items.

[F1]

The intermediate extension satisfies ZF minus Power Set plus Collection: M[G] is transitive, has Separation and Collection/Replacement, and has a definable global well-order; Power Set in M[G] is not assumed.

[F2]

Gitik's finite-support symmetric submodel: NG is the union of its complete set-stage symmetric interpretations NGθ.

[F3]

Finite-support symmetry and bounded-stage approximation: Every member of NG belongs to some regular set stage.

[F4]

Strong compactness bounds symmetric decision patterns: For each xNG, M[G] has a set Sx={yNG:yx}.

[F5]

Hereditarily symmetric interpretations form a transitive ZF model: Each set-forcing symmetric interpretation is a transitive ZF model containing its ground model and contained in the full generic extension; no Choice hypothesis is required.

[F6]

The Axiom of Choice: Ground AC supports the ground forcing and filter choices already encoded by the preceding suppliers. Ambient stage and witness selections below use F1's definable global well-order, not a propagation of AC to M[G] or NG.

Proof

1.1

By F2, every finite tuple of members of NG lies in one NGθ. The restricted forcing and symmetry data form a set-sized symmetric system, so F5 makes each such stage a transitive ZF model. The inclusions between stages preserve membership, and F2 therefore makes their union transitive. Check names put every ground set, in particular and ω, in every sufficiently large stage. Extensionality and Foundation are absolute to the transitive union, while Pairing, Union and Infinity may be computed in one common stage and have the same values in the union.

F2F3F5
1.2

Fix xNG and let Sx be the set supplied by F4 inside M[G]. For each ySx, F3 gives a regular θ with yNGθ; use F1's definable global well-order to take the least such θ. Collection in M[G] bounds these stages by one regular Θ, enlarged if necessary so that xNGΘ. Thus SxNGΘ. Conversely every yNGΘ with yx belongs to NG, so transitivity gives Sx=PNGΘ(x). The right side is a member of NGΘ by F5 and hence of NG. This proves Power Set in NG. If x=, both sides are the singleton {}, so the argument includes the empty endpoint.

F1F2F3F4F5
2.1

In the ambient M[G], recursively form RαN={uNG:rank(u)<α}. The recursion is set-valued without ambient Power Set. At a successor, Rα+1N=PNG(RαN) is the set given by step 1.2. At a limit λ, Replacement and Union in F1 form α<λRαN. To see that this limit set belongs to NG, apply F3 and Collection to its members, bounding them in one stage NGΘ. That stage is transitive and has exactly the same members of rank below λ, so RλN=RλNGΘNGΘ. The zero case is empty and successor stages are already in NG by step 1.2. Thus every RαN is a set of M[G] and a member of NG.

F1F2F3F5step 1.2
3.1

The class NG is almost universal relative to M[G]. Indeed, if aM[G] and aNG, Replacement in F1 collects the ranks of members of a. For an ordinal α strictly above their supremum, aRαN, and step 2.1 gives RαNNG. This argument bounds the whole ambient set at once; it does not choose names or supports for its members.

F1step 2.1
4.1

Bounded Separation holds in NG. Given a,zNG and a bounded formula, choose one stage containing the finite tuple. Bounded truth is absolute between the transitive models NGθ and NG, so Separation in that stage gives the required subset of a. The same argument constructs unordered pairs and the boundedly definable parts of each of Jech's eight Gödel operations. More generally, an operation output formed in M[G] from NG-parameters is an ambient set of elements of NG; step 3.1 places it inside an NG-set, and bounded Separation cuts out its exact value. Hence NG is closed under unordered pair, difference, product, domain, membership restricted to a square and the three permutations of triple coordinates.

F1F2F5step 1.1step 3.1
5.1

Continue by induction on formula complexity, using only the transitivity, almost universality and bounded cuts already verified. Atomic and Boolean cuts use step 4.1. At an existential step, for every tuple in the current argument set, first take the least rank of an NG-witness when one exists and then use F1's ambient definable global well-order on that set-sized rank segment to select a least witness. Replacement in F1 collects these witnesses, step 3.1 places them in an NG-container, and projection of the lower-complexity relation gives the existential cut. This proves every Separation instance. For a functional formula on aNG, the same ambient Replacement collects its unique NG-values, almost universality gives an NG-container, and the just-proved Separation instance cuts out exactly the range, proving Replacement. Together with steps 1.1 and 1.2 this is all of ZF. F6 records only the upstream ground choices; the proof never invokes AC in M[G] or constructs a choice function in NG.

F1F6step 1.1step 1.2step 3.1step 4.1

Depends on

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