Alphabeta Math
TheoremStatement: AI-adaptedProof: AI-generatedSession-authored (Fable 5 assisted)precheck passjudge pass (z-ai/glm-5.2)audited 2026-07-31
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A topological space is Hausdorff if and only if every net has at most one limit

Statement

A topological space XX is Hausdorff if and only if every net in XX has at most one limit.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A topological space XX.

[A2]

A net converges to a point exactly when it is eventually in each of that point's neighbourhoods (Convergence and cluster points of a net in a topological space).

Proof

technique · constructive
1.1

Suppose XX is Hausdorff and a net converges to both pp and qq. If pqp\ne q, take disjoint neighbourhoods UU of pp and VV of qq; the net is eventually in both, and directedness supplies an index after both thresholds, whose value would lie in UVU\cap V.

A1A2
1.2

Conversely, suppose XX is not Hausdorff. Choose distinct p,qp,q for which every neighbourhood of pp meets every neighbourhood of qq, and let E={(U,V,z):UN(p), VN(q), zUV}E=\{(U,V,z):U\in\mathcal N(p),\ V\in\mathcal N(q),\ z\in U\cap V\}, ordered by reverse inclusion in the first two coordinates.

A1construct
2.1

Thus p=qp=q, so every net has at most one limit.

step 1.1
2.2

The set EE is directed: intersect the first two neighbourhood coordinates of two triples and choose a point in their intersection; the resulting triple is above both. The net sending (U,V,z)(U,V,z) to zz is eventually in every neighbourhood of pp and every neighbourhood of qq, hence converges to both distinct points.

step 1.2A1A2
3.1

Therefore uniqueness of all net limits forces XX to be Hausdorff, and the two implications prove the result.

step 2.1step 2.2discharge-construct

Depends on

Used by

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