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Markings do not change the Khovanov-Rozansky complex
Statement
Let be a marked tangle diagram and let be obtained from by adding or removing marks, subject to the standing convention of The Khovanov-Rozansky complex and trigraded braid homology (at least one mark on every internal edge and every circle; any number on boundary edges and external edges). Then is chain homotopy equivalent to in with the same potential; moreover the equivalences are compatible with the crossing differentials: for the two local diagrams and of the source's Figure 11 the two-term complexes , , are chain homotopy equivalent.
Consequently, for closed braid diagrams the trigraded cohomology is an invariant of the underlying unmarked diagram as a graded isomorphism class: different marking choices give isomorphic trigraded vector spaces, with no grading shift.
Caveat: the theorem is a statement about as an object of ; it does not assert literal equality of the complexes.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: a marked tangle diagram and the diagrams of Figure 10 and of Figure 11, together with their Koszul matrices.
A mark on an arc or a wide edge contributes a label appearing in the rows of the Koszul matrix of ; adding or removing a mark changes the label pattern locally, and the potential is unchanged when a label occurring at two edge-ends with opposite signs is removed (The Khovanov-Rozansky complex and trigraded braid homology, The factorization of a marked MOY graph).
Elementary row operations are isomorphisms of factorizations, and a row with internal may be deleted with the substitution applied to all remaining rows, producing a factorization chain homotopy equivalent over the smaller ring (Koszul row operations and variable exclusion preserve homotopy type).
Proof
Removing a mark: the top configuration of Figure 10. The Koszul matrix of has rows , and . Apply the row operation to the first and third rows: they become and , while the quadratic row is unchanged; the operation is an isomorphism of factorizations by [F2]. The bottom row has coefficient on , a unit; may still occur in the quadratic row, to which the ensuing substitution must also be applied; it is internal because does not involve . By the variable-exclusion clause of [F2] the row may be deleted and replaced by in every remaining row, leaving rows and , which is the Koszul matrix of . Hence in , with the same potential by [F1]; the other local pairs of Figure 10 are the symmetric cases with the roles of the rows exchanged.
Compatibility with the crossing differential. The first complex of formula (10), written in Koszul form, has common first and third rows and , with second row in the source and in the target, with differential . Applying the row operation to both matrices simultaneously gives an isomorphic complex whose matrices have first row , second row unchanged and third row ; the differential is the identity on this third row. Substituting the internal variable , both matrices have identical bottom rows on which the differential acts by the identity, so the variable-exclusion clause of [F2] deletes that row and sets , reducing the ground ring to and leaving the complex , which is precisely the second complex of formula (10). The two complexes are therefore chain homotopy equivalent. The reverse crossing map is likewise the identity on the first and third exterior factors, so the same row change and substitution give . This proves compatibility for both crossing signs. The second pair of Figure 11 is obtained by exchanging the exterior edge labels; that relabelling carries each of these row operations, substitutions and maps to the corresponding formulas, proving the equivalence for .
Conclusion. Every change of marking decomposes into the local moves of Figure 10, each of which changes by an isomorphism or a chain homotopy equivalence as in step 1.1, and step 2.1 shows that these local equivalences can be chosen compatibly with the crossing differentials , so the two-term complexes of Figure 11 are chain homotopy equivalent. Composing the local equivalences along any finite sequence of marking changes gives a chain homotopy equivalence in with the same potential, all three gradings being preserved because every operation is a homogeneous change of basis or a substitution by a linear form of bidegree ; passing to cohomology gives an isomorphism with no shift. No Axiom of Choice is used.
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Sources
- Mikhail Khovanov and Lev Rozansky, Matrix factorizations and link homology II, arXiv:math/0505056v2 (2006), section 2, subsection 3, Lemma 3, formula (10), Figures 10-11, printed pp. 18-20; published as Geom. Topol. 12 (2008) 1387-1425 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Mikhail Khovanov and Lev Rozansky, Matrix factorizations and link homology II, Geom. Topol. 12 (2008) 1387-1425 (published version of record), Proposition 1, printed p. 1395 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Khovanov and Rozansky, Matrix factorizations and link homology, arXiv:math/0401268v2, introduction printed pp. 6-12: fixed-n sl(n) analogue with different potentials and gradings, not the parameter-a formulas of KR II (standard reference, not scraped)