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Serre-class transfer through a simply connected fibration

Statement

Assume the Axiom of Choice. Let p:EB be a Serre fibration over a path-connected CW complex, with path-connected fiber F.

  1. Let C be a Serre ideal and suppose the action of π1(B) on H(F;Z) is trivial. If N0 and Ht(F;Z)C for 0<tN, then p:Hi(E;Z)Hi(B;Z) is a C-isomorphism for 0iN. Consequently, if the hypothesis holds for every t>0, this is true in every degree.

  2. Let C be a Serre ring, suppose B is simply connected, and fix n2. If Hs(B;Z)C(0<s<n),Ht(F;Z)C(0<t<n1), then the map of pairs (E,F)(B,) induces a C-isomorphism p:Hi(E,F;Z)Hi(B,;Z) for every in.

If B and F are simply connected, the action and connectivity conditions appearing above hold, but the displayed C-membership hypotheses remain necessary. No claim is made outside the displayed ranges.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: AC, the fibration and base/fiber hypotheses, the indicated Serre ideal or ring, and the displayed finite range.

[A1]

The Axiom of Choice is assumed solely to discharge the explicit AC hypothesis in the freeness lemma cited in [F4].

[F1]

Homological Serre spectral sequence gives the natural choice-free sequence Es,t2=Hs(B;Ht), its finite strong convergence, and constant coefficients when the transport action is trivial.

[F2]

Serre classes, Serre rings, ideals, and modulo-C morphisms gives the tensor-and-Tor closure distinction and the meaning of a C-isomorphism.

[F3]

First-quadrant spectral-sequence transfer modulo a Serre class transfers C-membership from a bounded E2 region to a finite filtered abutment.

[F4]

The universal coefficient theorem for homology over a PID gives the natural exact sequence 0Hs(B;Z)MHs(B;M)Tor1Z(Hs1(B;Z),M)0. Its own statement omits AC, but its construction uses freeness of cycles and boundaries; Boundaries and cycles in a free complex over a PID are free records AC explicitly. Thus [A1] is a conservative, source-visible hypothesis rather than an attribution to the UCT statement itself.

[F5]

Serre edge maps come from projection and fiber inclusion identifies the base edge with p and the fiber edge with inclusion of F.

[F6]

Serre filtration over the base skeleta, Relative homology over one base cell is shifted fiber homology, and The first Serre differential is the cellular boundary with local coefficients supply the skeletal relative-cell calculation and cellular differential used in the local relative construction below.

Proof

technique · coefficient control on the absolute base edge, then the corresponding quotient filtration for the relative clause
1.1

Under the trivial-action hypothesis, [F1] gives Es,t2=Hs(B;Ht(F)). If 0<tN, the coefficient group M=Ht(F) lies in the ideal C. Both the tensor and Tor terms in [F4] then lie in C even though the base homology groups need not. Extension closure gives Es,t2C for every s and every such t.

A1F1F2F4
1.2

For clause 2, take the basepoint as a zero-cell and filter the relative chain complex C(E,F) by the images of C(Es,F), using the skeletal spaces in [F6]. The exact-couple construction applies to this quotient filtration. The cell calculation of [F6] is unchanged on every open cell not belonging to the distinguished subcomplex , while the basepoint cell and its fiber are quotiented out. Its first page is therefore the relative cellular complex Cscell(B,;Ht(F)), and the first differential is its local-coefficient boundary. Since B is simply connected, the system is constant, so Es,t2=Hs(B,;Ht(F))Hs+t(E,F).(1) The convergence proof is the relative version of the finite-support argument: each relative cycle and each chosen boundary primitive is a finite singular chain, its projection meets a finite base subcomplex, and the first-quadrant differential bounds stabilize its class. Thus the induced filtration on each Hi(E,F) is finite, exhaustive, and has the stable terms of (1) as its quotients. No absolute-to-relative comparison is being assumed.

F1F6
2.1

Fix iN. Every stable filtration quotient of Hi(E) except the bottom-row quotient has t>0 and hence lies in C by step 1.1 and [F3]. Their finite extension, the kernel of the base edge, lies in C. The stable subgroup Ei,0Ei,02 is obtained by successively taking kernels of the finitely many outgoing bottom-row differentials. Each target has fiber degree r1>0 and total degree i1, hence lies in C; the image is a subquotient in C. Successive short exact sequences show Ei,02/Ei,0C. Since F is path-connected, Ei,02=Hi(B;Z), and [F5] identifies the resulting edge with p. Its kernel and cokernel are in C, proving clause 1.

F1F2F3F5step 1.1
2.2

Because B is path-connected and simply connected, H0(B,;M)=H1(B,;M)=0 for every constant M. In total degree in, every term of (1) off the bottom row consequently has s2 and 1tn2. For those indices, [F4] has tensor term Hs(B)Ht(F) and Tor term Tor1(Hs1(B),Ht(F)). Both factors in each term lie in the Serre ring by the displayed hypotheses, so both terms and then Es,t2 lie in C.

A1F2F4step 1.2
3.1

The bottom row of (1) is Es,02=Hs(B,;Z). Repeating the finite base-edge argument of step 2.1, now for (1), shows that the edge Hi(E,F)Hi(B,) has kernel filtered by the off-bottom stable terms and cokernel filtered by the images of outgoing bottom-row differentials. Every such group lies in C by step 2.2. The quotient filtration is induced by the pair map, so its bottom edge is exactly the map of pairs p. This proves clause 2 for every in.

F2F3F5step 1.2step 2.1step 2.2
4.1

When N=0, clause 1 uses only path-connectedness and gives the isomorphism on H0. When n=2, the fiber range 0<t<n1 is empty and the off-bottom relative triangle is empty because columns zero and one vanish. Empty fiber is excluded by path-connectedness; the zero ring is not involved because coefficients are integral, but the zero group and zero Serre class are included. One basepoint cell is deleted in step 1.2, and extra zero-cells are handled by the relative cellular boundary before E2. Degenerate singular simplices remain legitimate finite representatives. Both tensor and Tor ends of [F4], both Serre ideal/ring branches, both kernel and cokernel of each edge, and both finite-filtration endpoints are checked. AC is used only for the freeness lemma named in [F4]; no representatives are selected pagewise. There is no iff, no splitting claim, and no assertion beyond the stated bounds.

A1F1F2F3F4F5F6step 1.1step 1.2step 2.1step 2.2step 3.1

Source notes

Miller, Lecture 30, Proposition 30.7 and Proposition 30.8 with proofs, printed pp. 107–108. Proposition 30.7 is the all-degree version of clause 1; Proposition 30.8 is clause 2 and explicitly uses the relative Serre spectral sequence. The finite ranges and the relative quotient-filtration construction are spelled out above.

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