Alphabeta Math
TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-generatedprecheck passaudited 2026-08-31
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The five-vertex path is nice

Statement

The graph P5 is nice.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The five-vertex path P5.

[L1]

Every sufficiently large P5-free graph admits a pure or x-sparse polynomial blockade when x is below the source threshold (P5-free graphs admit a pure or x-sparse polynomial blockade).

[L2]

Such local pure or sparse blockades force a nice blockade (Local pure or x-sparse blockades yield a nice blockade).

[L3]

A graph is nice exactly when some exponent d makes the conclusion of step 2.1 hold for every sufficiently large H-free graph (A nice graph).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1

Let d be a common exponent large enough to dominate the polynomial width bound in [L1] and the layout theorem [L2]. Fix ϵ(0,12) and a P5-free graph G with V(G)ϵ10d2, and set x:=ϵ5d. Then x<2d. If F is an induced subgraph of G with V(F)ϵdV(G), then V(F)ϵdϵ10d2=ϵ10d2+dϵ5d2=xd. Therefore [L1] applies to F and gives a pure or x-sparse (k,V(F)/kd)-blockade for some k[2,ϵ5d2].

L1choosegivenalgebra
2.1

Applying [L2] to G yields an (ϵ1,ϵ10d2V(G))-blockade whose distinct block pairs are either complete or weakly ϵd-sparse. By [L3], this is exactly the niceness condition for H=P5.

step 1.1L2L3
3.1

Therefore P5 is nice.

step 2.1

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

15 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources