Alphabeta Math
TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-generatedprecheck passaudited 2026-08-31
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The five-vertex path is nice

Statement

The graph P5 is nice.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The five-vertex path P5.

[L1]

Every sufficiently large P5‾-free graph admits a pure or x-sparse polynomial blockade when x is below the source threshold (P5‾-free graphs admit a pure or x-sparse polynomial blockade).

[L2]

Such local pure or sparse blockades force a nice blockade (Local pure or x-sparse blockades yield a nice blockade).

[L3]

A graph is nice exactly when some exponent d makes the conclusion of step 2.1 hold for every sufficiently large H‾-free graph (A nice graph).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1L1choosegivenalgebra

Let d be a common exponent large enough to dominate the polynomial width bound in [L1] and the layout theorem [L2]. Fix ϵ∈(0,12) and a P5‾-free graph G with ∣V(G)∣≥ϵ−10d2, and set x:=ϵ5d. Then x<2−d. If F is an induced subgraph of G with ∣V(F)∣≥ϵd∣V(G)∣, then ∣V(F)∣≥ϵdϵ−10d2=ϵ−10d2+d≥ϵ−5d2=x−d. Therefore [L1] applies to F and gives a pure or x-sparse (k,∣V(F)∣/kd)-blockade for some k∈[2,ϵ−5d2].

2.1step 1.1L2L3

Applying [L2] to G yields an (ϵ−1,ϵ10d2∣V(G)∣)-blockade whose distinct block pairs are either complete or weakly ϵd-sparse. By [L3], this is exactly the niceness condition for H=P5.

3.1step 2.1∎

Therefore P5 is nice.

Depends on

Used by

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Sources