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A torsion-free connection that is not metric-compatible
Statement refuted
Statement refuted: "every torsion-free affine connection on the flat Lorentzian four-manifold of The constant Minkowski metric as a smooth time-oriented Lorentzian manifold is compatible with the metric " (Metric compatibility, torsion freedom and the metric-selected connection class).
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The flat Lorentzian four-manifold with global chart , so that are constant, and the coefficient data , with all other .
An affine connection is -bilinear, function-linear in the first argument, and satisfies ; the connection of The coordinate connection of the flat chart is metric-selected is an affine connection, its verification using exactly these rules (Affine connection on a smooth manifold).
The Christoffel symbols in a chart are the unique smooth functions with (Christoffel symbols of an affine connection).
A connection is torsion-free if and only if in every chart, and compatible with the metric if and only if in every chart (Torsion freedom and metric compatibility in chart components).
A metric-selected connection is one that is both torsion-free and metric-compatible (Metric compatibility, torsion freedom and the metric-selected connection class).
Counterexample
Define for smooth fields , in the global chart, with the given coefficients. Then because the coefficients depend bilinearly on the components of , by the product rule, and -bilinearity holds componentwise; hence is an affine connection by [L1].
By [L2] the Christoffel symbols of in the global chart are the given and otherwise; in particular for all , so is torsion-free by [L3].
The compatibility identity of [L3] fails at every point: for the left-hand side is because is constant, while the right-hand side is . By the equivalence [L3], is not compatible with ; it is therefore not metric-selected by [L4].
The connection of steps 1.1-1.2 is an affine connection that is torsion-free but not -compatible, so it refutes the displayed statement. Since it is not compatible it also shows that the two conditions in the definition of a metric-selected connection are independent in the sense that torsion freedom alone does not force compatibility.
Remarks
The companion example The coordinate connection of the flat chart is metric-selected shows that the class is nonempty: the coordinate connection with vanishing coefficients is metric-selected. This counterexample shows that torsion freedom alone is strictly weaker than the pair of conditions. It makes no claim about the converse implication, that a compatible connection need not be torsion-free, and no uniqueness claim about .
Depends on
The coordinate connection of the flat chart is metric-selected
The constant Minkowski metric as a smooth time-oriented Lorentzian manifold
Metric compatibility, torsion freedom and the metric-selected connection class
Torsion freedom and metric compatibility in chart components
Affine connection on a smooth manifold
Christoffel symbols of an affine connection
Dependency tree · 2 levels
Sources
- S. M. Carroll, Lecture Notes on General Relativity, arXiv:gr-qc/9712019v1 (1997), torsion (3.16) and metric compatibility as independent requirements, printed pp. 59-60 (PDF pp. 66-67)
- H. S. Reall, Part III General Relativity (Cambridge, October 12, 2022 revision), section 3.2, both conditions imposed independently in the Levi-Civita theorem, printed pp. 36-37 (PDF pp. 37-38)
- D. Tong, General Relativity (Cambridge Part III Mathematical Tripos, Michaelmas 2019), section 3.2, printed pp. 100-107 (PDF pp. 107-114)