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Locally C1-cofinite genus-zero open-closed OPE data

Definition

Fix a positive-graded chiral vertex operator algebra V=⨁n≥0Vn with V0=C1 and put V>0=⨁n>0Vn. Here positive-graded has the exact conformal-vector, Virasoro, finite-dimensional weight-space, and CFT-type conventions of Conformal vertex algebra of CFT type. Use the ordinary non-super mode convention. The source category V-modf.g. consists of V-modules W with locally finite LW(0), finite-dimensional generalized eigenspaces W[h], and a finite set Δ1,…,Δm∈C such that W=⨁j=1m⨁n≥0W[Δj+n]. Also require C1(W)=span⁡C{u−1w:u∈V>0, w∈W} to have finite codimension and the source restricted-dual module W∨=⨁hW[h]∗ to be finitely generated by a finite subset under the V-modes. The restricted-dual space and opposite-field action are those in Contragredient module of a generalized module. That item defines the candidate action but explicitly leaves its module axioms to a separate theorem; The restricted dual with opposite action is a contragredient module supplies the actual module used here. Finite-coset support, finite-dimensional generalized weight spaces, C1-cofiniteness, and dual finite generation are separate clauses; the R2 C1-quotient condition alone is not this source category.

For any such generalized modules W1,W2,W3, write Ilog⁡(W3W1 W2) for the logarithmic intertwining-operator space of Logarithmic intertwining operator. Define I0(W3W1 W2):={Y∈Ilog⁡(W3W1 W2):(w1)n;kw2=0 for every w1∈W1,w2∈W2,n∈C,k≥1}, where Y(w1,x)w2=∑n∈C∑k≥0(w1)n;kw2 x−n−1(log⁡x)k is the source expansion. Thus I0 is the no-log subspace on generalized modules. It is not an assertion that generalized modules are ordinary; when all three modules are ordinary it agrees with the ordinary intertwining-operator space defined in Intertwining-operator space and fusion multiplicity. All OPE coefficients below are required to lie in these no-log spaces, while analytic continuation of their blocks is allowed to acquire logarithmic terms.

The locally C1-cofinite full bulk data over V consist of a countable index set Ic and pairs (Mi,Mˉi) of source-category modules, with Fc=⨁h,hˉ∈RFh,hˉc satisfying integral-spin support (Fh,hˉc=0 unless h−hˉ∈Z), common lower bounds on h,hˉ, and finite-dimensional cumulative spaces ⨁h+hˉ≤HFh,hˉc. Require Fc≅⨁i∈IcMi⊗Mˉi as a V⊗V-module, the two chiral copies of V to embed in the left and right kernels of the full translation modes, and for each i,j∈Ic a finite set Ic(i,j)⊂Ic containing every intermediate label in the full OPE of Mi⊗Mˉi with Mj⊗Mˉj. For each pair (i,j) the module-valued OPE coefficient lies in ⨁k∈Ic(i,j)I0(MkMi Mj)⊗I0(MˉkMˉi Mˉj). The two factors are respectively for the left and right copies of V. Define the source graded dual by Fc∨=⨁h,hˉ(Fh,hˉc)∗.

The locally C1-cofinite boundary data over V consist of a countable index set Io and a decomposition Fo=⨁h∈RFho≅⨁k∈IoNk into source-category modules, with finite-dimensional cumulative spaces ⨁h≤HFho, and a finite set Io(k,ℓ)⊂Io supporting each boundary OPE of Nk with Nℓ. Require Lo(0)∣Fho=hI for every h∈R, where Lo(0) is the conformal zero mode of the prescribed boundary V-action specified below. Thus the displayed boundary decomposition is its conformal eigenspace grading, not an independent regrading of the underlying module. For each pair (k,ℓ) the boundary OPE coefficient lies in ⨁m∈Io(k,ℓ)I0(NmNk Nℓ). Set Fo∨=⨁h(Fho)∗. For each i∈Ic the bulk-to-boundary operator restricted to Mi⊗Mˉi lies in the finite direct sum ⨁j∈B(i)I0(NjMi Mˉi) for a finite set B(i)⊂Io, where this notation denotes the no-log generalized-module intertwiner space just defined.

The full and boundary algebra axioms are additional premises distinct from local C1-cofinite decompositions. The precise full-vertex-algebra clauses are Moriwaki Definition 3.1 and its energy-momentum-tensor conditions preceding Proposition 3.5; the boundary clauses are equation (3.10) and Definition 3.15. Definitions 3.6 and 3.19 add the finite-support/local-C1 clauses to these algebras; they do not replace the algebra axioms. Adopt the following explicit content.

For the bulk, give a nonzero vacuum 1c∈F0,0c and a linear formal field map Yc(a;z,zˉ)=∑r,s∈Ra(r,s)z−r−1zˉ−s−1. For each fixed pair of states, its exponent support is bounded below in each variable and finite below every bound on the sum of the two exponents; only integer differences of the two exponents occur. For homogeneous a∈Fh,hˉc its modes obey the grading rule a(r,s)Fk,kˉc⊂Fh+k−r−1,hˉ+kˉ−s−1c. Require Yc(1c;z,zˉ)=I, Yc(a;z,zˉ)1c∈Fc[ ⁣[z,zˉ] ⁣], and constant term a. The coefficient fields use the actual full mode products, not a product inferred from the unrelated R5 field-label space.

For every three homogeneous bulk states a,b,c and every homogeneous restricted-dual functional u, require absolute convergence of the product ⟨u,Yc(a;z1,zˉ1)Yc(b;z2,zˉ2)c⟩ when ∣z1∣>∣z2∣>0, of the iterate ⟨u,Yc(Yc(a;z0,zˉ0)b;z2,zˉ2)c⟩ when ∣z2∣>∣z0∣>0, and of the reversed product when ∣z2∣>∣z1∣>0. They must be the respective channel expansions of one single-valued real-analytic function μu;a,b,c on {(z1,z2)∈C2:z1,z2≠0, z1≠z2}, with z0=z1−z2 in the iterate. This is the three-channel full-algebra axiom, independent of the later bulk-to-boundary bootstrap.

Define Dla and Dra as the coefficients of z and zˉ in Yc(a;z,zˉ)1c. Give conformal vectors ωl∈F2,0c and ωr∈F0,2c with Drωl=Dlωr=0. Require Yc(ωl;z,zˉ)=∑nLl(n)z−n−2 and Yc(ωr;z,zˉ)=∑nLr(n)zˉ−n−2 to give commuting Virasoro actions with the declared central charges, Ll(−1)=Dl, Lr(−1)=Dr, Ll(0)∣Fh,hˉc=hI, and Lr(0)∣Fh,hˉc=hˉI. The lower bounds and finite cumulative weight spaces are the ones required above. These are the energy-momentum data of the full VOA; they are not inferred merely from the decomposition as a V⊗V-module.

For the boundary, give a nonzero 1o∈F0o and a linear map Yo(a,z)=∑r∈Ra(r)oz−r−1 with Yo(a,z)b∈Fo((zR)): for each real bound H, only finitely many exponents at most H occur. For the prescribed V-module action a(n)o and v∈Fo, require [Lo(−1),Yo(v,z)]=∂zYo(v,z),[a(n)o,Yo(v,z)]=∑k≥0(nk)Yo(a(k)ov,z)zn−k, Yo(a(n)ov,z)=∑k≥0(nk)(a(n−k)oYo(v,z)(−z)k−Yo(v,z)a(k)o(−z)n−k). Here a∈V, n∈Z, and coefficientwise lower truncation makes each action meaningful. Require Yo(1o,z)=I, Yo(v,z)1o∈Fo[ ⁣[z] ⁣] with constant term v, and the following ordered associativity axiom. For a,b,c∈Fo and u∈Fo∨, the product and iterate series converge absolutely on their product and iterate nested domains, respectively, and restrict to one real-analytic function on {(x1,x2)∈R2:x1>x2>0}. Its product expression is ⟨u,Yo(a,x1)Yo(b,x2)c⟩, and its iterate expression is ⟨u,Yo(Yo(a,x1−x2)b,x2)c⟩ on x2>x1−x2>0. Complex powers use the declared branches. Boundary commutativity is not an extra axiom.

To type the chiral embeddings, specify injective linear maps ιl,ιr:V→Fc and ιo:V→Fo carrying the vacuum to 1c,1c,1o and the conformal vector to ωl,ωr,ωo, respectively. The left image lies in ker⁡Dr and the right image in ker⁡Dl. Require the full-field identities Yc(ιl(a);z,zˉ)=YFcl(a,z) and Yc(ιr(a);z,zˉ)=YFcr(a,zˉ), where the right sides are the specified V-module actions. Their mode products on the respective images satisfy ιl(a(n)b)=(ιla)(n,−1)ιlb and ιr(a(n)b)=(ιra)(−1,n)ιrb. On the boundary require Yo(ιo(a),z)=YFo(a,z), the specified module field. Thus the mode actions and product-preservation interfaces used below are actually supplied. The two chiral actions commute, and Lo(n) are the conformal-vector modes of the boundary V-action.

Write Yc,Yo,Yb for the full, boundary, and bulk-to-boundary OPE maps, respectively; Yb is specified explicitly below. Thus a(n)l,a(n)r denote the two chiral mode actions on Fc, a(n)o the boundary mode action on Fo, and Ll(−1),Lr(−1),Lo(−1) their translation modes.

More explicitly, the bulk-to-boundary field is a linear map Yb(⋅,z):Fc→Fo[ ⁣[zR] ⁣], v↦∑r∈RBr(v)z−r−1, with the source's mode actions a(n)l,a(n)r on Fc and a(n)o on Fo. It satisfies, for a∈V, v∈Fc, and n∈Z, Yb(Ll(−1)v,z)=∂zYb(v,z),a(n)oYb(v,z)=Yb(a(n)rv,z)+∑k≥0(nk)Yb(a(k)lv,z)zn−k, and Yb(a(n)lv,z)=∑k≥0(nk)(a(n−k)oYb(v,z)(−z)k−Yb(a(k)rv,z)(−z)n−k). The sums are interpreted coefficientwise with the module truncation convention in the source. These are the bulk-boundary covariance identities of Moriwaki, Definition 3.22 and equation (3.15); its Definition 3.28 imposes the finite support B(i). These finite-support requirements are separate from C1-cofiniteness of an individual module.

We fix the source's explicit tree domains. For a binary tree A with n≥2 leaves labelled by distinct coordinates z1,…,zn, let V(A) and E(A) be its internal vertices and internal edges, and let tA be the root. For each internal vertex v, let R(v) be the label of the rightmost leaf below v, and let L(v) be the label of the rightmost leaf in the left child subtree of v. Put zv=zL(v)−zR(v). If e joins a child vertex d(e) to its parent u(e), put ζe=zd(e)/zu(e). Let rA be the rightmost leaf label, set zA=zrA and xA=ztA, and use the tree-coordinate map ΨA=(zA,xA,(ζe)e∈E(A)). A positive radius tuple p=(pe)e∈E(A) is A-admissible when the full product region in these coordinates, with zA∈C, xA∈C×, and 0<∣ζe∣<pe, maps into the distinct-point configuration space. Let Ccut=C∖R≤0 and Dpecut={ζ∈Ccut:0<∣ζ∣<pe}. Define UA=⋃p A-admissibleΨA−1 ⁣(C×Ccut×∏e∈E(A)Dpecut)⊂Xn(C). For the zero-input vacuum tree ∅, set X0(C)={()} and U∅=X0(C). For the one-input identity tree ∙, set X1(C)=C and U∙=C. These cases have no root-scale or internal-edge coordinates. For a two-coloured tree E with r bulk and s boundary leaves, define its doubled chiral tree E~ recursively using its typed vertices. An open leaf is retained. Open multiplication becomes ordinary binary multiplication of the doubled open subtrees. A closed subtree A entering the bulk-to-boundary vertex τ becomes the binary tree (A,Aˉ), where Aˉ is a copy of the entire closed subtree with barred leaf labels. Inserting a closed subtree at a closed leaf therefore inserts A and Aˉ at the corresponding paired chiral leaves. The coordinate tuple below interleaves the labels (i,iˉ); their order in a doubled tree need not be adjacent. In particular τ(μc(1,2)) doubles to ((1,2),(1ˉ,2ˉ)), whereas μo(τ(1),τ(2)) doubles to ((1,1ˉ),(2,2ˉ)); these are distinct channel trees. Set Xn(C)={(z1,…,zn)∈Cn:zi≠zj for i≠j},Xr,s(H)={(z1,…,zr,x1,…,xs):Im⁡zi>0, xj∈R, zi≠zk, xj≠xℓ, zi≠xj}, Φ(z1,…,zr,x1,…,xs)=(z1,zˉ1,…,zr,zˉr,x1,…,xs),U~E=UE~,UE=Φ−1(U~E)∩Xr,s(H). For a bulk tree Ac with r bulk leaves, use its ordinary nested domain UAc⊂Xr(C) in each chiral coordinate copy and define Φc(z1,…,zr)=(z1,…,zr;zˉ1,…,zˉr),UAcc=Φc−1(UAc×UAc)⊂Xr(C). Thus the holomorphic and antiholomorphic bulk OPE series live on UAc×UAc, and their restriction is real analytic on UAcc. For zero or one bulk leaf the corresponding closed OPE is the declared vacuum or state-field map on U∅c={()} or U∙c=C, respectively, with no internal projection sum. The same pullback convention gives UE={()} for the zero-input open vacuum tree and UE=R for the single open leaf; a single bulk leaf entering a bulk-to-boundary vertex still doubles to two chiral leaves and uses the two-leaf domain. Branches of all real powers use the principal logarithm on Ccut.

The genus-zero bulk-boundary bootstrap data are these five channel conditions:

  1. The bulk vacuum maps to the boundary vacuum.
  2. For a1,a2∈Fc, a restricted-dual functional u∈Fo∨, and z1,z2∈H with Re⁡z1>Re⁡z2, the two series ⟨u,ezˉ2Lo(−1)Yo ⁣(Yb(a1,z1−zˉ1),zˉ1−zˉ2)Yb(a2,z2−zˉ2)⟩ and ⟨u,ezˉ2Lo(−1)Yb ⁣(Yc(a1,z1−z2,zˉ1−zˉ2)a2,z2−zˉ2)⟩ are absolutely convergent respectively when ∣z1−zˉ1∣+∣z2−zˉ2∣∣zˉ1−zˉ2∣<1,∣z1−z2∣+∣zˉ1−zˉ2∣∣z2−zˉ2∣<1, and are restrictions of one single-valued real-analytic function on X2,0(H).
  3. For a∈Fc, b∈Fo, u∈Fo∨, z∈H, and x∈R, the series ⟨u,exLo(−1)Yo ⁣(Yb(a,z−zˉ),zˉ−x)b⟩,⟨u,ezˉLo(−1)Yo ⁣(b,x−zˉ)Yb(a,z−zˉ)⟩ are absolutely convergent respectively on Re⁡z>x, ∣z−zˉ∣<∣zˉ−x∣ and on x>Re⁡z, ∣z−zˉ∣<∣x−zˉ∣, and are restrictions of one single-valued real-analytic function on X1,1(H).

The configuration space is Xr,s(H)={(z1,…,zr,x1,…,xs):Im⁡zi>0, xj∈R, and all displayed points are distinct}; when open leaves are ordered, use the chamber x1>⋯>xs. The five equations counted by the source are the vacuum identity and the two ordered expansions in each of conditions 2 and 3. This definition records the exact analytic and finite-support package; it does not assert existence of a physical CFT or a path-integral measure.

Remarks

The quoted C1 quotient, dual finite generation, finite intermediate-label support, boundary finite support, and finite bulk-to-boundary support are distinct clauses. The R2 quotient definition supplies only the first. The no-log requirement is imposed inside the logarithmic intertwiner spaces for generalized modules; this keeps the tree-block and theorem types aligned without treating generalized modules as ordinary. In particular, the higher-genus sewing and the annulus Cardy condition are not included.

Moriwaki's Theorem 3.30 uses the analytic convergence theorem for iterated intertwining-operator products and the two-colored parenthesized permutation-braid action. Those results are not included in this definition; their local proof status is recorded in the consuming theorem. This item specifies the data and bootstrap interfaces, not the convergence theorem.

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