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Killing exchange current and gauge-compensated charged first integral

Statement

Let Ω be an oriented open subset of the time-oriented Lorentzian domain of Smooth formal matter, EM tensors and observer quantities. Let F and j be smooth, let Tmab be smooth and symmetric, and suppose

dF=0,∇aFab=−μ0jb,∇aTmab=Fbcjc.

Let TEM be the tensor of Smooth formal matter, EM tensors and observer quantities and assume the exact conditional identity of Curved electromagnetic stress divergence, ∇aTEMab=−Fbcjc, under its stated smoothness and source-sign hypotheses. For a smooth Killing field ξ on Ω, meaning Lξg=0, define

Jξa=(Tmab+TEMab)ξb.

Then ∇aJξa=0. If C is a finite smooth singular 4-chain in Ω with ∂C=Σ2−Σ1+B for smooth singular 3-chains, and Qξ(Σ)=∫ΣιJξvolg, then

Qξ(Σ2)−Qξ(Σ1)=−Qξ(B).

In particular the two slice fluxes are equal when the side flux Qξ(B) vanishes.

There is also a local test-particle identity. Let V⊆Ω be open, let A be a supplied smooth one-form on V with F=dA, and let χ be a smooth scalar with LξA=dχ. If I⊆R is any interval with nonempty interior (Intervals of R: the nine order-convex forms, nondegeneracy, and length) and a C2 curve z:I→V in the sense of clause (a) of Timelike worldlines, proper time, length and four-velocity on a Lorentzian four-manifold has velocity U=dz/dτ (one-sided at included endpoints), g(U,U)=−c2, and satisfies m∇UU=qF♯(U) with the C2-curve covariant acceleration of Covariant acceleration along a C2 curve, for constants m>0,q∈R, where F♯(U)a=FabUb, then

C=mg(U,ξ)+q(A(ξ)−χ)

is constant along the curve. This is a conditional mathematical identity for a supplied field and an existing curve; it constructs no particle trajectory, global potential, Einstein solution, or point-source self-field.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The fields, equations, chain, Killing field, local potential, scalar compensator and curve stated above.

[F1]

Smooth formal matter, EM tensors and observer quantities: TEMab=μ0−1(FacFbc−14gabFcdFcd); the matter exchange equation is ∇aTmab=Fbcjc.

[F2]

Curved electromagnetic stress divergence: for a smooth real two-form F, smooth current j, μ0>0, dF=0 and ∇aFab=−μ0jb, the exact conclusion is ∇aTEMab=−Fbcjc. Its current draft proof is conditional on its listed dependencies and is not treated here as an accepted supplier.

[F3]

Killing fields and conserved currents, and on-shell conservation of the Hilbert stress-energy tensor: Lξg=0 is equivalent to ∇aξb+∇bξa=0.

[F4]

Divergence, Stokes flux balance and the non-null face formula for a Lorentzian current: for a finite smooth singular 4-chain with boundary Σ2−Σ1+B, a divergence-free smooth current satisfies Φ(Σ2)−Φ(Σ1)=−Φ(B). Equal slice flux requires zero side flux.

[F5]

Existence and uniqueness of the metric-selected connection of a nondegenerate metric, and its extension to tensor fields: ∇ is metric-compatible and its derivative on tensor fields obeys the product rule.

[F6]

The Lie derivative of a tensor field and The coordinate formula for the Lie derivative of a covariant tensor: for a smooth one-form, (LξA)b=ξa∂aAb+Aa∂bξa in any chart.

[F7]

Clause (a) of Timelike worldlines, proper time, length and four-velocity on a Lorentzian four-manifold gives the stated curve chartwise C2 regularity on the Lorentzian target: its coordinate derivatives through order two are continuous up to included endpoints and one-sided there. This is the local regularity defined by Covariant acceleration along a C2 curve, so The covariant acceleration formula is well-defined along a C2 curve makes ∇UU a well-defined continuous vector field along the curve with components U˙a+ΓabcUbUc.

Proof

1.1F1F2algebra

Add the exchange equation to the conditional Maxwell stress identity [F2]. The force-density terms cancel, giving ∇a(Tmab+TEMab)=0. The sum is symmetric: Tm is symmetric by hypothesis, and TEMab=μ0−1gcdFacFbd−14μ0gabFcdFcd is symmetric because gcd is symmetric.

1.2F3F5F7F9givenalgebra

In a chart along z, differentiate mgab(z)Uaξb(z) by [F9]. Expanding gives m[(∂cgab)UcUaξb+gabU˙aξb+gabUaUc∂cξb]. Substitute metric compatibility ∂cgab=Γdcagdb+Γdcbgad from [F5] and the coordinate expressions for the two covariant derivatives. The first connection term combines with gabU˙aξb into mg(∇UU,ξ); the second combines with gabUaUc∂cξb into mUaUb∇aξb. The latter is zero because UaUb is symmetric and [F3] gives ∇aξb+∇bξa=0. Substituting the curve equation into the first term yields q ξaFabUb.

1.3F6givenalgebra

In local coordinates, [F6] gives (LξA)b=ξa∂aAb+Aa∂bξa. Since F=dA, (ιξF)b=ξa(∂aAb−∂bAa), and ∂b(Aaξa)=ξa∂bAa+Aa∂bξa. Adding the latter two expressions proves LξA=ιξF+d(A(ξ)). Since LξA=dχ, it follows that d(A(ξ)−χ)=−ιξF.

2.1F2F3F5step 1.1algebra

Apply the product rule to Jξa. Its divergence is (∇a(Tmab+TEMab))ξb+(Tmab+TEMab)∇aξb. The first term vanishes by step 1.1; the second is one half the contraction of a symmetric tensor with ∇aξb+∇bξa, which vanishes by [F3]. Thus ∇aJξa=0.

3.1F4step 2.1given

Apply the finite-chain balance [F4] to Jξ. Its divergence is zero by step 2.1, so ΦJξ(Σ2)−ΦJξ(Σ1)=−ΦJξ(B). With Qξ=ΦJξ as defined in the Statement, this is the claimed balance; equality follows only under the stated zero-side-flux condition.

4.1F8F9step 1.2step 1.3algebra∎

By the chain rule [F9], at every interior parameter value the derivative of A(ξ)−χ along z is Ub∇b(A(ξ)−χ)=−UbξaFab by step 1.3. After multiplying by q, this cancels the kinetic derivative in step 1.2, so C is continuous on I and has zero derivative at every interior point. Applying [F8] makes C constant on the interval, including any included endpoints. Under A↦A+dλ and χ↦χ+Lξλ, the difference A(ξ)−χ is unchanged, since (dλ)(ξ)=Lξλ. Hence the first integral is gauge invariant.

Remarks

  • The current Jξ is a Killing flux built from stress, not electric charge. The finite-chain formula includes a side flux and does not assert an asymptotic or universal global energy.
  • If the symmetry parameter has length units in length coordinates, ξ is dimensionless, A(ξ) and χ have units T m, and the test-particle constant has momentum units; multiplying the stationary time-translation constant by −c gives energy units.
  • The statement uses no Einstein equation, no matter action, no Maxwell source construction, and no existence theorem for the curve.
  • The draft lem-emg-maxwell-stress-divergence carrier has a complete conditional proof at its exact interface: smooth F,j, μ0>0, dF=0, and ∇aFab=−μ0jb imply ∇aTEMab=−Fbcjc. Its current Step 1 record is ready; the dated owner final-dispositions record resolves the earlier authoring-readiness hold at the current source binding. The declared action-variation, current-forms, and seven typed mathematical inputs are also current and ready at their inspected interfaces. This establishes authoring readiness only; no independent proof approval or publication is inferred. The stress-current deduction remains conditional on the stated model and supplier identity, while the local test-particle clause is proved separately.

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