How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Existence of a left Haar integral
Statement
Assume AC. Every LCH group admits a nonzero positive left-invariant real-linear functional on and its complex-linear extension on .
Facts & Assumptions
Given: An LCH group and AC.
The target is a nonzero positive invariant real-linear functional. (Left Haar integral and left Haar measure)
A nonnegative cutoff and a common point give an additive homogeneous positive-cone functional with . (Haar candidate sets have the finite intersection property)
AC is assumed in the choice-function form stated in the cited definition. (The Axiom of Choice)
Proof
Take a nonzero nonnegative cutoff at the identity and a common point from [F2]. That lemma gives for all nonnegative ; it is positively homogeneous, invariant, and .
Every real is with and . Define . If also with nonnegative terms, then , so additivity gives . The value is independent of the decomposition.
Adding decompositions and multiplying them by a nonnegative scalar proves additivity and positive homogeneity of ; exchanging their terms gives , hence real linearity. For use to obtain . Translating both nonnegative terms gives ; makes nonzero. Finally is well-defined by unique real and imaginary parts, and proves complex linearity together with real linearity.
Sources
Knapp, Advanced Real Analysis, VI §2, pp.225–230, Lemmas 6.9–6.13. Local argument and conventions as displayed above.