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The Kunneth theorem for free complexes over a PID
Statement
Assume the Axiom of Choice. Let be a PID and be complexes of free -modules for which each total degree has a finite direct-sum diagonal. For every integer , there is a natural exact sequence .
Proof
Given: free PID-complexes with finite direct-sum diagonal in every total degree, and the Axiom of Choice (The Axiom of Choice).
Use the construction proved in The Kunneth Tor map: put and , with zero differentials. The canonical sequence is exact. AC is used here for freeness of the cycle and boundary submodules by Boundaries and cycles in a free complex over a PID are free and their free-module lifts which split the degree sequences, exactly as in that construction.
By The long exact sequence in homology, its relevant segment gives . The calculation in the Tor-map lemma identifies and identifies with the sum of the inclusion maps . It also identifies and the map onto it with the displayed Tor sum and its established natural quotient.
For each , right exactness in Tensoring is right exact applied to identifies the cokernel of that inclusion-tensor map with . Cokernels of direct-sum maps are computed coordinatewise, giving . The injection into the middle homology sends to , since it is induced by . Thus it is precisely the cross product in The Kunneth cross-product map is well defined and natural.
Step 2.1 and step 3.1 prove exactness for the specified maps. Both are natural by the two map lemmas, hence this is a natural short exact sequence. The tensor differential and totalization are those of The tensor product of a right and a left chain complex is totalized by direct sums with the Koszul differential; the construction works for every integer degree with the stated finite diagonals, including zero summands and empty diagonals.
Depends on
The Kunneth cross-product map is well defined and natural
The Kunneth Tor map
Boundaries and cycles in a free complex over a PID are free
The tensor product of a right and a left chain complex is totalized by direct sums with the Koszul differential
The long exact sequence in homology
Tensoring is right exact
The Axiom of Choice