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Constructed independent cell Gibbs states

Statement

Let r≥1 be finite. For each cell i∈{1,…,r}, let Hi be a complex Hilbert space of finite dimension di≥1, let Hi=Hi∗ be a Hermitian proper Hamiltonian in joules, and let Qi=Qi∗ be a dimensionless number observable whose eigenvalues lie in N0. Assume [Hi,Qi]=0. Operators Hi,Qi on the total space H:=⨂i=1rHi mean their lifts acting on the ith tensor factor and as the identity on the other factors; no intercell interaction is included.

Let (M,g) be a smooth time-oriented Lorentzian four-manifold with signature (−,+,+,+), and let O⊆M be a connected open set on which a smooth future-directed timelike Killing field ξ is defined. Use length coordinates x0=ct and the corresponding dimensionless components of ξ. Define its dimensionless lapse N(x):=−gx(ξx,ξx)>0. Let c>0 be the speed of light in m s−1, kB>0 Boltzmann's constant in J K−1, and let A be a global smooth real one-form with SI components in tesla-metres, F:=dA with components in teslas, and Λξ:O→R a global smooth compensator in tesla-metres with LξA=dΛξ. Define Φξ(x):=−c((ιξA)x−Λξ(x)) in volts. Let T:O→(0,∞) and μ:O→R be smooth fields in kelvins and joules per particle. Fix a common particle rest mass m>0 in kilograms and charge q∈R in coulombs, put M:=mc2>0 in joules, and define u:=ξ/N, β:=u/(kBT) in J−1, and ζ:=μ/(kBT) dimensionlessly. On the future massive shell PM+(O):={(x,P)∈TO:gx(P,P)=−M2, P future-directed}, where P has energy-vector units and gx(P,P) has units J2, let f(x,P):=exp⁡(ζ(x)+gx(β(x),P)), as defined for the same charged data in Global electrochemical redshift from charged Liouville stationarity, and assume the exact whole-shell stationarity condition LF,qf(x,P)=0 for every (x,P)∈PM+(O), where LF,q is the charged transport field in that supplier's formulation. This is the stationarity premise of Global electrochemical redshift from charged Liouville stationarity. Choose a cell-location map χ:{1,…,r}→O and set xi:=χ(i). Define the lapse, compensated potential, proper temperature, and chemical potential at cell i by evaluation: Ni:=N(xi),Φi:=Φξ(xi),Ti:=T(xi),μi:=μ(xi). The same theorem supplies constants TK>0 and μK∈R such that NiTi=TK,Niμi+qΦi=μK, where q is the common particle charge in coulombs. This use of the charged smooth-geometry supplier retains its explicit ACω assumption.

Set βK=(kBTK)−1>0 in joules−1, βi=NiβK=(kBTi)−1, HK=∑i=1r(NiHi+qΦiQi), and Q=∑i=1rQi. Then the grand generator GK:=HK−μKQ is Hermitian and GK=∑i=1rNi(Hi−μiQi). The finite partition sums Zi:=Tr⁡Hie−βi(Hi−μiQi),Z:=Tr⁡He−βKGK are positive and finite, with Z=∏i=1rZi. The normalized Gibbs density factorizes exactly: ρ:=Z−1e−βKGK=⨂i=1rρi,ρi:=Zi−1e−βi(Hi−μiQi). It is a βK-KMS state for the grand-generator dynamics on the full finite matrix algebra. On the neutral subalgebra A0:={B∈B(H):[B,Q]=0}, grand-generator and physical HK dynamics coincide, so the restricted state is βK-KMS for the physical dynamics there. This constructs only independent finite cells; it does not claim that an interacting system's reduced cell states are Gibbs states.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The finite cells, commuting local Hamiltonians and number operators, common charge and gauge reference, positive lapse and temperature, and the global stationarity hypotheses in the Statement.

[A1]

The cell-location map is χ:{1,…,r}→O, xi=χ(i), and Ni=N(xi), Φi=Φξ(xi), Ti=T(xi), and μi=μ(xi). On O, N=−g(ξ,ξ)>0, u=ξ/N, Φξ=−c(ιξA−Λξ), β=u/(kBT), and ζ=μ/(kBT). The exact stationarity premise is LF,qf=0 at every future-shell point for f(x,P)=exp⁡(ζ(x)+gx(β(x),P)) on g(P,P)=−M2 with P future-directed, in the charged transport formulation used by Global electrochemical redshift from charged Liouville stationarity; the global compensator is required for its constants.

[A2]

The Axiom of Countable Choice (ACω) states that every countable family of nonempty sets has a choice function. It is the explicit foundational assumption of the smooth charged-geometry carrier used by Global electrochemical redshift from charged Liouville stationarity; this theorem and its consumers retain that assumption, with no stronger choice principle.

[F1]

Finite matrix spectral and state calculus: every Hermitian matrix on a nonzero finite-dimensional complex inner-product space has a real spectral decomposition, independent of the basis inside each eigenspace; its finite trace is cyclic.

[F2]

Finite unitary dynamics and Gibbs KMS identity: for a finite-dimensional Hermitian generator G and β>0, ρG=e−βG/Tr⁡(e−βG) is stationary and is KMS for αt(B)=eitG/ℏBe−itG/ℏ with physical-time strip width βℏ seconds.

[F3]

Global electrochemical redshift from charged Liouville stationarity: under the connected-domain and smooth-field hypotheses, stationarity means LF,qf=0 on the entire future massive shell for f(x,P)=exp⁡(ζ(x)+gx(β(x),P)); with the global potential compensator it yields constants TK>0 and μK such that NT=TK and Nμ+qΦξ=μK throughout O. Evaluation at xi=χ(i) gives the cell relations. This supplier carries [A2]. Its current item is draft with a current ready Step 1 record; that records authoring readiness, not independent proof acceptance.

The QSM suppliers [F1] and [F2] are also current draft carriers with current ready Step 1 records; their proof status is not upgraded by this use.

Proof

1.1givenA1A2F3algebra

Apply [F3] under the inherited smooth charged-geometry assumption [A2] and the exact whole-shell stationarity premise in [A1]. For each cell Ti=TK/Ni and μi=(μK−qΦi)/Ni. The geometric and thermodynamic quantities use the conventions in [A1]. Therefore βi=1/(kBTi)=NiβK, and the local grand generator Gi:=Ni(Hi−μiQi) satisfies Gi=NiHi+(qΦi−μK)Qi. Summing this identity gives GK=∑iGi=HK−μKQ.

2.1givenF1step 1.1construct

Each pair Hi,Qi is simultaneously diagonalizable: diagonalize Qi using [F1]; each eigenspace of Qi is invariant under Hi because HiQi=QiHi; diagonalize the Hermitian restriction of Hi on each of the finitely many eigenspaces. The resulting orthonormal basis of Hi diagonalizes Gi. The tensor products of these bases form an orthonormal basis of H, and in that basis GK=∑iGi has eigenvalue ∑igi,ai on the basis vector indexed by (a1,…,ar).

3.1givenstep 1.1step 2.1algebra

The finite trace in that product basis is Z=∑a1,…,ar∏i=1re−βKgi,ai=∏i=1r(∑aie−βKgi,ai)=∏i=1rZi. Each factor is a finite sum of strictly positive reals, so 0<Zi<∞ and 0<Z<∞. Dividing each diagonal weight by this product gives ρ=⨂iZi−1e−βKGi=⨂iρi, and βKGi=βi(Hi−μiQi).

4.1givenF2step 3.1

Apply [F2] to the finite-dimensional Hermitian matrix GK and βK>0: ρ is a state and is KMS for αtG(B)=eitGK/ℏBe−itGK/ℏ on B(H).

5.1givenF2step 1.1step 4.1algebra∎

Since [HK,Q]=0, the exponentials of these two matrices commute and eitGK/ℏ=eitHK/ℏe−itμKQ/ℏ. For B∈A0, B commutes with Q, so αtG(B)=eitHK/ℏBe−itHK/ℏ=:αtH(B). The algebra A0 is closed under products, adjoints and linear combinations and is invariant under αtH. Restricting the state and the same bounded strip functions from step 4.1 to A,B∈A0 proves the physical HK KMS condition there. No KMS claim for charged observables is made.

Remarks

All deductions are conditional on the actual interfaces in [F1]–[F3]. In particular, the charged redshift relation is used at its stated global-compensator and whole-shell hypotheses; no generic curved-spacetime quantum state is inferred.

Depends on

Dependency tree · 2 levels

Sources