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The flop restriction complement is the finite ADE relative complement
Statement
Work over with the Axiom of Choice, retaining the complete-local smooth flopping setting and specified bundle choice of the slice-restriction contract. For its slice pair and geometric arrangement , put and , and index the coordinates of by . Use the finite ADE Coxeter system with the same labelled diagram , its canonical simple-root representation and the corresponding relative cone, arrangement and complement. The surviving-curve coordinates identify the arrangement with . They induce a homeomorphism where .
Chambers are connected components of the real arrangement complement, and adjacency means sharing a wall in the chamber-and-wall definition. Here a chamber path is a finite nonempty sequence of chambers with each consecutive pair adjacent, and its length is . The coordinate identification gives bijections of chambers and chamber paths, preserves adjacency and path lengths, and therefore preserves minimum lengths for fixed endpoints.
Statement references
Facts & Assumptions
The slice-restriction contract identifies the geometric parameter space with . Its walls are the distinct proper restrictions of the finite ADE root hyperplanes; in the geometric simple-root basis , a root has hyperplane . Generic slicing identifies flop stability walls with restricted ADE walls
The canonical representation has simple-root basis , Coxeter form , reflections and roots . Real Coxeter representation and contragredient notation The subspace and proper restricted hyperplanes define the relative arrangement. Tits cone intersections, relative roots and arrangements Since this is finite, its Tits cone is all of . Basic Tits-cone properties
The relative complement deletes from the product of the relative cone interior with itself; in finite type the map identifies it with the complement of the complexified hyperplanes. Relative complexified hyperplane complement
For geometric simple roots, the row-coroot Cartan convention is and . Cartan matrix of a based root system The labelled simply laced ADE Dynkin diagram has , for adjacent distinct vertices, and otherwise. Dynkin diagram with edge multiplicity and arrow convention
For a finite reduced crystallographic Euclidean root system with a chosen positive system and its simple roots, every root is the image of a simple root under the group generated by the simple reflections. This is an explicit assertion of Finite Weyl positive roots and simple reflections. The geometric finite ADE root system in [F1], with its geometric simple roots , has exactly these hypotheses and conventions.
Chambers, ambient closures, walls and adjacency are defined in Chambers, walls and adjacency: a wall is an intersection of a chamber closure with an arrangement hyperplane of affine dimension one less than that chamber, and distinct chambers are adjacent when they share a wall.
The Axiom of Choice is assumed as in The Axiom of Choice. It is inherited from the complete-local smooth flopping setting of Generic slicing identifies flop stability walls with restricted ADE walls, whose geometric wall identification is used in [F1]. The coordinate comparison below adds no further choice use.
Proof
Given: The slice data in the complete-local smooth flopping setting of the Statement, including its inherited Axiom of Choice, and the finite ADE Coxeter system on the same labelled diagram.
Goal: Identify the arrangements and complements, and preserve chambers, adjacency and path lengths.
Proof technique: direct; compare the labelled reflection matrices, then pass to dual coordinates.
Use the geometric slice input under the inherited assumption [F7]. Let be the geometric root space in [F1] and define the linear isomorphism by for every label . In the ADE Coxeter form, equals on the diagonal, on an edge because , and off the edges because . These are exactly the entries in [F4]. Thus for all , so on the whole space. It follows by composition that sends the canonical simple-root orbits exactly to the geometric simple-root orbits, which exhaust the geometric root system by the simple-reflection generation assertion in [F5]. Hence is the full geometric root set. This basis calculation works separately on every component and requires no common scalar relating different component normalizations.
On dual spaces the map satisfies for every . It therefore preserves all labelled simple-root dual coordinates, sends to , and sends to the hyperplane . By step 1.1 these are exactly the geometric root hyperplanes in [F1]. Containment of the respective coordinate subspace is preserved by this bijection, so the distinct proper restrictions are precisely the two relative hyperplane collections. Projecting to its coordinates indexed by is a linear isomorphism , with inverse extension by zero on ; compose it with the dual map to obtain . Its coordinate formulas and inverse are continuous, so it is a homeomorphism identifying the hyperplanes with .
Since is finite, [F2] gives . Thus and its interior in is all of . Together with step 2.1 this proves equality of the real domains as well as the arrangement identification.
The map is a real-linear homeomorphism , with inverse obtained from real and imaginary parts and . For each relative hyperplane , its image on is . It therefore sends the deleted union in [F3] exactly to the displayed union and restricts to the asserted homeomorphism of complements. Here because precisely those coordinates remain free in .
By step 2.1 the real complement homeomorphism gives a bijection of connected components, hence of chambers in [F6]. The linear isomorphism sends each ambient chamber closure to its image closure, sends its intersection with to the image closure intersected with , and preserves affine dimension. It thus sends walls bijectively to walls and preserves sharing a wall in both directions. Applying this chamber bijection term by term sends every chamber path in the Statement to one of the same length, with the inverse induced by . For each fixed pair of endpoints the sets of available path lengths are identical, so any minimum is the same.
Depends on
- Generic slicing identifies flop stability walls with restricted ADE walls
- Tits cone intersections, relative roots and arrangements
- Relative complexified hyperplane complement
- Basic Tits-cone properties
- Chambers, walls and adjacency
- Real Coxeter representation and contragredient notation
- Cartan matrix of a based root system
- Dynkin diagram with edge multiplicity and arrow convention
- Finite Weyl positive roots and simple reflections
- The Axiom of Choice
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