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Exact and thresholded Kraus ranks for J at most two
PDF p. 4: Fig. 2 and first two paragraphs
Statement
Use the equal-rate benchmark restricted to the nine-dimensional space , with , real , and the prescribed Hamiltonian . For this prediction adopt the fixed-jump effective GKSL model: the same three downward jump operators, coefficients and rate are used after the lift is added. Energy shifts alone do not derive this fixed-jump approximation. Carry the Choice, Countable Choice and Dependent Choice assumptions of the physical suppliers.
For this finite model the exact Kraus rank is twelve at and eighteen at at every finite ; at it is one. Here exact rank counts every positive unnormalized Choi eigenvalue, however small. The rank decomposition is one no-jump direction, six or twelve one-jump directions, and five two-jump directions.
Separately, the article's Fig. 2 reports an effective rank, counting canonical weights , for . In its early plotted window the nonzero-lift curves begin at four, can rise to eighteen, and approach nine at long times; the zero-lift curve reaches twelve. These thresholded trajectories are source-reported numerical predictions, not computations replayed here. Four is not the limiting thresholded rank as : for any fixed positive threshold below nine, sufficiently close to zero only the no-jump Choi eigenvalue is above threshold. The limiting complete-decay channel has nine source-to-ground Kraus operators; its rank need not equal the exact rank at finite time.
Statement references
Equal-rate rigid-rotor benchmark parameters
Phenomenological angular-momentum degeneracy lift
Invariant finite angular-momentum cutoff
Effective Kraus rank and branch weight
Lindbladian exponentiation and Choi Kraus extraction
Canonical Choi eigenvectors, Kraus rank and branch weights
Exact versus thresholded Kraus rank protocol
One-jump span in the nine-dimensional lowering model
Two-jump and total trajectory dimensions in the lowering model
Facts & Assumptions
Adopt the finite equal-rate benchmark and its physical applicability hypotheses. Equal-rate rigid-rotor benchmark parameters
Adopt the prescribed diagonal lift, separately from the fixed-jump assumption. Phenomenological angular-momentum degeneracy lift
The complete finite cutoff is invariant for the downward model. Invariant finite angular-momentum cutoff
Effective rank is defined by canonical Kraus weights. Effective Kraus rank and branch weight
Exact Kraus rank equals Choi rank. Kraus rank equals Choi rank
Exponentiation and Choi extraction specify the numerical procedure; no execution is claimed. Lindbladian exponentiation and Choi Kraus extraction
Canonical weights equal the unnormalized Choi eigenvalues, with trace nine. Canonical Choi eigenvectors, Kraus rank and branch weights
Exact rank, strict threshold and numerical tolerances are distinct. Exact versus thresholded Kraus rank protocol
The finite lowering-matrix model has Choi rank twelve or eighteen for positive finite time, and rank one at zero. Two-jump and total trajectory dimensions in the lowering model
Carry the Axiom of Choice. The Axiom of Choice
Carry Countable Choice. The Axiom of Countable Choice (AC_ω)
For the same finite lowering matrices, the one-jump amplitude span has dimension six at and twelve at , for every . One-jump span in the nine-dimensional lowering model
The fixed-jump continuation after adding the lift is part of the model adopted in the Statement, not a consequence of the lift postulate alone.
Proof
Given: The finite fixed-jump model and hypotheses in the Statement.
Goal: Deduce exact ranks, distinguish the thresholded source report and identify the endpoints.
In the stated fixed-jump model, the benchmark coefficients are exactly from [F13], with . The rotor energies are , and the lift adds . Complete-block invariance permits the restriction without adding an artificial top-boundary transition. Apply [F13] to these finite matrices to obtain six one-jump directions at and twelve at . Apply [F9] to the same matrices for the one no-jump direction, five two-jump directions and total Choi ranks, and [F5] for the asserted exact Kraus ranks. This is a conditional analytic deduction, not evidence for the physical accuracy of fixed jumps after lifting.
By [F4], [F7] and [F8], effective rank counts only eigenvalues above the stated strict threshold and is bounded above by exact rank. At , the identity channel on dimension nine has a single nonzero Choi eigenvalue nine. The finite generator exponential is continuous at zero, so its Choi matrix is continuous there. To see the threshold conclusion without rank continuity, write with . On the codimension-one subspace perpendicular to the identity vector, every Rayleigh quotient is at most . There cannot be two eigenvalues above , since their two-dimensional span intersects that subspace. The largest eigenvalue is at least , by testing the normalized identity vector. This gives effective rank one for sufficiently small time at any fixed threshold in . It also explains why the displayed early count four is a finite-window statement, not the exact endpoint.
Every jump lowers ; the total excited population eventually leaves both excited manifolds. In the equal-rate model and , by the diagonal block trace equations. Both vanish. Positivity bounds ground–excited and excited–excited coherences by square roots of the respective populations, so each input state's output tends to the ground state; finite linearity extends this to the replacement channel . Its nine matrix-unit Kraus operators are , with nine orthogonal vectorizations of norm one. Thus its Choi rank is nine, and for threshold the effective rank is eventually nine by the same spectral perturbation reasoning as step 1.2 around eigenvalues zero and one. This is a limiting statement and does not change step 1.1 at any finite time.
Source notes
The thresholded curve shapes and tested parameter values remain attributed to Fig. 2. The local analytic argument establishes exact ranks and endpoint qualifications only; it supplies no certified crossing times or numerical trajectory reproduction. No original-article defect is asserted.
Depends on
- Equal-rate rigid-rotor benchmark parameters
- Phenomenological angular-momentum degeneracy lift
- Invariant finite angular-momentum cutoff
- Effective Kraus rank and branch weight
- Kraus rank equals Choi rank
- Lindbladian exponentiation and Choi Kraus extraction
- Canonical Choi eigenvectors, Kraus rank and branch weights
- Exact versus thresholded Kraus rank protocol
- One-jump span in the nine-dimensional lowering model
- Two-jump and total trajectory dimensions in the lowering model
- The Axiom of Choice
- The Axiom of Countable Choice (AC_ω)
- The axiom of dependent choice: a relation in which every element is related to something admits an ℕ-indexed chain
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Sources
- Monolithic Quantum Error Correction in the Presence of Distinguishability · PDF p. 3 Eqs. (10)-(11), p. 4 Fig. 2 and first two paragraphs