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Finite-time bounds for Banach-valued derivatives

Statement

Assume Countable Choice. Let 0<T<∞, let Y be a real or complex Banach space, and suppose g=∂tu in the Bochner distributional sense. Use Lebesgue measure on (0,T) and the corresponding almost-everywhere conventions. Assume g is strongly measurable and ∥g∥L∞(0,T;Y):=ess sup⁡t∈(0,T)∥g(t)∥Y≤M<∞. The least essential bound property and Hölder's inequality give ∥∂tu∥L1(Y)≤TM. More generally, if 1≤q<∞ and g∈Lq(0,T;Y), the Bochner norm convention gives ∥∂tu∥L1(Y)≤T1−1/q∥g∥Lq(Y). Consequently a uniform essential time bound, or a uniform Lq bound, on a family's derivatives supplies a uniform L1(Y) bound with the displayed constant.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Countable Choice, a finite interval with Lebesgue measure, a real or complex Banach value space, strongly measurable derivative representatives, and the stated uniform norm bound.

Goal: Convert the derivative hypothesis to the exact Bochner L1 bound without changing its value space.

[F1]

The derivative is the Bochner distributional identity, whose norm is the norm of its representative (Distributional time derivatives with values in a Banach space).

[F3]

The Bochner norm convention and finite-exponent conversion are supplied by Bochner spaces and bounded inclusion of value spaces; the conversion is its last assertion, obtained by Holder's inequality for integrals, including the endpoint cases.

[F4]

A Banach space has its specified real or complex scalar field and complete norm metric (Banach space). Strong measurability is almost-everywhere norm approximation by measurable simple functions (Strongly measurable Banach-valued function).

[F5]

Under Countable Choice, the one-dimensional open-box case of A box in ℝⁿ with parameters aᵢ≤ bᵢ is Lebesgue measurable of measure ∏_i<n(bᵢ-aᵢ), whichever of its faces are included, with endpoints 0 and T, gives λ1((0,T))=T.

[A1]

Countable Choice (The Axiom of Countable Choice (AC_ω)) is assumed to meet the hypotheses of the derivative convention in [F1], the Bochner-space supplier in [F3], and the interval-measure supplier in [F5]. No necessity claim for the scalar norm estimates is asserted.

[F6]

The endpoint (∞,1) case of Holder's inequality for integrals, including the endpoint cases gives ∫I∣ab∣ dt≤∥a∥L∞(I)∥b∥L1(I) for measurable real-valued a∈L∞(I) and b∈L1(I), where I=(0,T).

[F7]

On I=(0,T), the constant function 1=χI has simple integral λ1(I) by The integral of a nonnegative simple function. Its nonnegative Lebesgue integral is the same by The nonnegative integral agrees with the simple integral on simple functions. Thus [F5] gives ∥1∥L1(I)=T.

Proof

1.1F1F2F3F4F5F6F7A1given

In the essential-bound case, put h(t)=∥g(t)∥Y, the measurable scalar norm representative used in [F3]. The given bound and [F2] give h∈L∞(I) with ∥h∥L∞(I)≤M. By [F5] and [F7], the constant function 1 belongs to L1(I) with norm T. Apply [F6] to a=h and b=1: ∫0T∥g(t)∥Y dt=∫I∣h⋅1∣ dt≤∥h∥L∞(I)∥1∥L1(I)≤MT. Strong measurability and this finite integral make g the required L1(Y) representative in [F1], with the norm convention in [F3].

2.1F1F3A1step 1.1given∎

For finite q, apply [F3] to g on the same interval, under [A1]. This yields the displayed constant T1−1/q. Applying either estimate separately to each family member and then taking the supremum preserves uniformity, proving the final assertion.

Depends on

Used by · 1

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