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Homogeneous bounds transfer to L1 retarded forcing

Statement

Assume Countable Choice (The Axiom of Countable Choice (AC_ω)). Let H be a Hilbert space and W a strongly continuous unitary group (Strongly continuous one-parameter unitary group). Fix 0<T<∞ and 1≤p<∞. Suppose the homogeneous bound ∥W(⋅)h∥Lp(0,T;Y)≤CT∥h∥H is given, with one of the following precise norm and compatibility conventions.

Abstract Bochner convention: Y is Banach, the orbit is a Bochner Lp(Y) class, and the spaces Lt1H and LtpY are continuously and injectively mapped into a common Hausdorff space of time classes or distributions, agreeing on the truncated homogeneous rows. These identifications must commute with time restriction and time translation when passing to a shorter or translated interval. This is the closed-pair compatibility of Compatible Banach pairs and their integrals–Abstract retarded integration in compatible time spaces. It applies, for example, to H,Y continuously embedded in a common Banach value space; it does not assume arbitrary Hilbert vectors are scalar functions.

Scalar Banach-function convention: H has continuous injective realization by scalar locally integrable functions on a sigma-finite spatial space, bounded into L1 on a fixed finite-measure exhaustion. The scalar Banach function space Y satisfies the local-integrability, lattice, sequential Fatou, measurable-section-norm and explicit spatial integral-triangle hypotheses in Scalar Banach-function retarded estimates by Fatou approximation, and the orbit bound uses its scalar mixed norm. These hypotheses include every Y=Lq(X), 1≤q≤∞, by Spatial Lq classes satisfy the scalar mixed-norm hypotheses. In particular H↪L2(X) supplies the required local L1 compatibility by Holder on finite-measure pieces.

Under either convention, for every strongly measurable f∈L1(0,T;H) the H-valued Bochner integral Df(t)=∫0tW(t−r)f(r) dr belongs to C([0,T];H) and has the specified compatible LtpY value, with ∥Df∥CtH+∥Df∥LtpY≤(1+CT)∥f∥Lt1H. The CtH bound follows from Bochner integral norm inequality, while the finite-time mixed bound uses Minkowski's integral inequality in the scalar convention and Bochner norm integration in the abstract convention. The shifted estimate uses 1t>rW(t−r) and restriction to (0,T−r). The same constant works on every translated interval of length at most T, with its correspondingly translated norm. At spatial L∞ the conclusion is a scalar mixed-norm assertion and makes no claim of strong measurability into that nonseparable Banach space.

Facts & Assumptions

[F1]

Compatible Banach pairs and their integrals proves that compatible pairs form a closed Banach space and their integrals remain compatible. Strongly continuous shifted orbits in finite Bochner norms constructs continuous parameter rows in Lt1H and Bochner LtpY, and Abstract retarded integration in compatible time spaces identifies their integrals with the separately continuous H-valued Duhamel solution. The defining group properties are Strongly continuous one-parameter unitary group.

[F2]

Scalar Banach-function retarded estimates by Fatou approximation proves the scalar-function estimate by genuine local L1 identification, simple-forcing approximation, spatial integration and Fatou; Spatial Lq classes satisfy the scalar mixed-norm hypotheses verifies the full spatial Lq range including infinity. It uses Minkowski's integral inequality after the spatial triangle property.

[F3]

The continuous energy estimate is the Bochner norm inequality Bochner integral norm inequality. The Axiom of Countable Choice (AC_ω) is the inherited countable approximation assumption.

[F4]

The Hilbert and Banach structures have the real or complex conventions of Hilbert space and Banach space. Strong measurability means almost-everywhere norm approximation by measurable simple functions (Strongly measurable Banach-valued function), and the Bochner integral uses integrable-simple approximation in the norm-integral sense (Bochner-integrable function). The finite-exponent Bochner spaces use the explicit almost-everywhere quotient and norm convention in the Statement of Strongly continuous shifted orbits in finite Bochner norms; the forcing quotient and scalar mixed norm use those in Scalar Banach-function retarded estimates by Fatou approximation.

Proof

Given: The unitary group, finite time exponent, homogeneous estimate, and one of the two stated actual compatibility conventions.

Goal: Establish the causal L1(H) forcing estimate with no loss of the abstract Hilbert/Banach case or the scalar L∞ endpoint.

1.1F1F3given

In the abstract convention, apply the continuous parameter row construction and the closed-pair integration result [F1]. The Lp(Y) component is bounded by CT∥f∥1, and its L1(H) component is identified there with the continuous H solution. The separate CtH bound is ∥f∥1 by [F3]. This proves both membership and the sum estimate without a scalar realization of H.

1.2F2F3given

In the scalar convention, [F2] instead constructs a joint scalar representative of the continuous H solution, proves the simple-forcing estimate, and passes to this same representative by local L1 convergence and Fatou. Its norm estimate is exactly the same sum estimate. For Y=L∞, its endpoint proof integrates scalar kernels and their essential suprema, so it does not substitute joint scalar measurability for Bochner measurability.

2.1F1F2F3step 1.1step 1.2

For a row starting at r, its nonzero portion is W(τ)h with 0<τ<T−r. Restricting the homogeneous norm from (0,T) decreases it, giving the same CT. If I=(a,b) has length at most T, the changes s=r−a and τ=t−a reduce the autonomous group formula and both norm conventions to the preceding estimates on a shortened interval. In the scalar convention these are ordinary restrictions and translations of joint representatives. In the abstract convention the stated restriction/translation compatibility supplies exactly these same identifications on the new interval. The same constant therefore holds in the translated norms. This completes all assertions using shifted homogeneous bounds and L1 forcing. ∎

Depends on

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