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Uniform boundary Schauder bootstrap after a C1-Holder seed

Statement

Let a family of individually smooth solutions of Aij(x,u,Du)uij+b(x,u,Du)=0 have zero height on a fixed smooth boundary patch, a common compact spacelike jet range, smooth uniformly controlled coefficients, uniform ellipticity and a uniform C1,β bound for one 0<β<1. Then, on every fixed smaller boundary patch, all finite Ck,β norms are uniformly bounded. No initial uniform C4,β norm is required. Consequently the family has uniform Ck,α bounds for every finite k and every 0<α<1 on a smaller fixed patch.

Facts & Assumptions

[F2]

Import the local homogeneous-Dirichlet boundary Schauder estimate in Simon Lecture12 Theorem2-prime, pp.134–135, under the hypotheses precisely recorded in its source entry. It applies to the already smooth individual solutions and their tangential derivatives; it is an a priori estimate, not an assertion of a pre-existing uniform higher norm.

[F3]

Apply the total-derivative chain rule The chain rule for total derivatives: D(g∘ f)(a)=Dg(f(a))∘ Df(a) to the smooth coefficient maps composed with the solution jet, and repeatedly to their differentiated compositions. Apply the scalar mean value theorem The mean value theorem, as the case g(x) = x of Cauchy's: for f continuous on [a,b] with a < b and differentiable on (a,b) there is c ∈ (a,b) with f(b) - f(a) = f'(c)(b-a) componentwise along line segments in coefficient neighborhoods and fixed flattened boundary half-balls (or interior balls). Smoothness gives differentiability in the segment interior and continuity at its endpoints; boundary endpoint values are obtained by continuity from the interior.

Proof

Given: The stated C1-Holder seed and smooth candidate solutions. Goal: Obtain uniform higher estimates up to the fixed boundary.

1.1F1F2F3given

Freeze the realized coefficients along each solution. The seed makes A(x,u,Du) and b(x,u,Du) uniformly C0,β, so [F2] gives a common C2,β bound on a smaller patch. Each candidate is individually smooth, satisfying the classical regularity prerequisite of that estimate. Interior balls use its interior counterpart.

2.1F1F2F3step 1.1inductionalgebra

Suppose a uniform Cm,β bound is known, m≥2. Differentiate the equation m−1 times in flat tangential directions. For z=DTm−1u, the principal term is Aijzij. The chain-rule terms containing Dz enter bounded C0,β first-order coefficients; every remaining term involves derivatives of u of order at most m, hence has a uniform C0,β bound. Since the zero trace differentiates tangentially, z=0 on the flat boundary. [F2] bounds z in C2,β on a smaller patch. This controls all derivatives of order m+1 with at most two normal directions.

3.1F1F2F3step 2.1inductionalgebra∎

Solve the original equation for unn, using Ann≥λ>0, and differentiate it m−1 times. Recover the derivatives of order m+1 by increasing their number of normal indices: every other second-derivative slot has at least one tangential index and therefore fewer normal indices than the derivative currently solved for; derivatives of the coefficients involve only derivatives of u through order m. Thus the already controlled derivatives and the previous normal-count stages give all remaining C0,β bounds. Iteration in m on nested patches with a fixed smaller limiting patch proves all finite orders. A further bounded derivative implies the desired Ck,α bound for any α<1: in a fixed convex flattened half-ball or interior ball, apply [F3] to t↦Dγu(x+t(y−x)), 0≤t≤1, ∣γ∣=k. The chain rule and scalar mean value theorem give ∣Dγu(y)−Dγu(x)∣≤C∥Dk+1u∥∞∣y−x∣, including boundary endpoints by continuity. Dividing by ∣y−x∣α bounds the seminorm by C∥Dk+1u∥∞diam⁡(B)1−α; fixed smooth chart changes preserve these bounds by the same chain rule. A finite cover gives the estimate on the prescribed smaller patch: nearby pairs lie in a common chart, and separated pairs use the already bounded derivative suprema.

External input

The local boundary linear Schauder estimate is an imported input. Use Simon Lecture12 Theorem2-prime, printed pp.134–135 (PDF sheet70), with m=1, zero Dirichlet trace, uniform ellipticity, C0-Holder coefficients and forcing, and a C2-Holder boundary chart. It bounds the C2-Holder norm on a smaller patch by the C0 solution norm and forcing norm, with the controlled structural and chart constants. This estimate is not proved here; the bootstrap above derives its application after a genuine C1-Holder seed.

Depends on

Used by · 2

Dependency tree · 2 levels

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External dependencies

Leon Simon, Lectures on PDE · Lecture 12, Theorem 2-prime (local boundary non-divergence Schauder estimate), printed pp.134–135, PDF sheet70, specialized to m=1 and homogeneous Dirichlet data

For a second-order uniformly elliptic linear nondivergence equation with C^{0,beta} coefficients and C^{0,beta} RHS on a C^{2,beta} boundary patch, and homogeneous Dirichlet trace on its actual boundary, the C^{2,beta} norm on a smaller patch is controlled by the C0 solution norm and the C^{0,beta} RHS norm, with constants determined by ellipticity, coefficient Holder bounds, boundary charts and patch separations. Interior Theorem2 is its counterpart on balls.

Hypotheses: A classical C^{2,beta} solution on the closed local patch, uniform ellipticity, controlled C^{0,beta} principal and lower coefficients, controlled RHS, C^{2,beta} boundary and zero Dirichlet data on the boundary portion. Individual smoothness of the candidates supplies the classical regularity needed to use this a priori estimate; no uniform higher norm is assumed.

Reading limits: Read the actual retained PDF sheet70, printed pp.134–135, including the boundary condition alternatives and Theorem2-prime. Read surrounding text defining boundary flattening and the local-to-global cover. The estimate is imported; its full Schauder proof is not reconstructed.

Sources

  • Leon Simon, Lectures on PDE · Lecture 12, Theorem 2-prime (local boundary non-divergence Schauder estimate), printed pp.134–135, PDF sheet70, specialized to m=1 and homogeneous Dirichlet data