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Differential exclusion of a large interior weighted angle maximum
Statement
For the temporal angle data, suppose . On assume and with . If , choose so that . Then has no local maximum in the interior positive-height region where . The logarithmic inequality may be obtained from the hyperbolic-angle inequality by the conversion lemma.
Facts & Assumptions
The tangential gradient identity gives . Temporal angle and tangential height gradient identity
The operators and height bound are those in Temporal normal angle and compact positive-height portions; the conversion from to is From hyperbolic angle to logarithmic angle inequalities. The two differential inequalities are assumptions of this lemma.
In an open Euclidean coordinate domain, a function at an interior local maximum has zero differential and a negative semidefinite matrix of second partial derivatives. The Hessian is negative semidefinite at an interior local maximum The metric-dual gradient and coordinate identity are Gradient hessian and divergence connection formulas. The positive-trace convention is . Laplace–Beltrami operator as the trace of the Hessian
Apply the scalar sum, product, quotient and chain rules in each coordinate. Sum, product, quotient, and chain rules from difference quotients For , and , so the logarithm is smooth and strictly increasing there. The natural logarithm has derivative 1/x and equals the integral from 1 to x of 1/t
For and , define as in Real powers for positive bases, with the zero-base positive-exponent convention. The exponential maps into and for every real , as recorded in The natural logarithm as the inverse of the exponential function; hence and . For , by Order, continuity, range, and the product, quotient, and reciprocal laws for the natural logarithm.
Proof
Given: The displayed bounds and choice of . Goal: Exclude an interior local maximum with .
Suppose is an interior local maximum of with and . In a neighborhood with these strict inequalities put . By [F5], and there. By [F4], is smooth and has a local maximum at . Apply the Euclidean extremum test in [F3] to its coordinate representation in an interior chart: and the matrix is negative semidefinite. The connection term in the coordinate Hessian formula vanishes because . Thus is negative semidefinite, , and for an -orthonormal basis .
By the coordinate scalar rules and the Hessian and trace formulas in [F3] and [F4], and . At , step 1.1 therefore gives . Substituting this into the assumed inequalities gives .
Multiply by and use [F1]. Put . The lower bound from step 2.1 is at least , since and . This contradicts . Such a exists because the left side of its required inequality is quadratic in and the right side is affine.
Depends on
- Temporal normal angle and compact positive-height portions
- Temporal angle and tangential height gradient identity
- From hyperbolic angle to logarithmic angle inequalities
- The Hessian is negative semidefinite at an interior local maximum
- Gradient hessian and divergence connection formulas
- Laplace–Beltrami operator as the trace of the Hessian
- Sum, product, quotient, and chain rules from difference quotients
- The natural logarithm has derivative 1/x and equals the integral from 1 to x of 1/t
- Real powers for positive bases, with the zero-base positive-exponent convention
- The natural logarithm as the inverse of the exponential function
- Order, continuity, range, and the product, quotient, and reciprocal laws for the natural logarithm
Dependency tree · 2 levels
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