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Swan chartwise integrality glues on the actual quasi-affine open

PDF p. 15: Theorem6.7 second Bertini application

Statement

Assume the Axiom of Choice. In the integral case let W=U∖(Z∪Using), and use the finite principal charts Wi=D(gi) and global controlling family above. There is a nonempty parameter open on which the entire zero scheme in U is a nonempty smooth geometrically integral curve of pure codimension two, avoiding Z.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The Axiom of Choice, the actual global sections, fixed Z, and the finite cover of the nonempty smooth integral threefold W.

Goal: Obtain global irreducibility, not merely smoothness or an expected dimension.

[F1]

Coherent dual extension supplies global Swan controlling sections supplies the controlling family on each smooth affine chart.

[F2]

External Swan finite controlling-family Bertini theorem gives a nonempty parameter open Gi where that chart's zero scheme is empty or a smooth geometrically integral curve, of dimension 3−2=1.

[A1]

The Axiom of Choice is assumed when invoking the controlling-family supplier in [F1] and its applications in [F3]. The finite intersections of parameter opens and the common-core gluing introduce no further arbitrary choice.

Proof

1.1F1F2F3A1

Every Wi is a nonempty open of the integral X, so their finite intersection contains a nonempty principal open O of X. Apply the common-core lemma to this O. Intersect its nonempty open TO, the avoidance open, and all finitely many Gi. This is a nonempty open G⊂AN, and has a k-point. The local Swan conditions apply to the restrictions of the very same global parameter family, since its indexed list contains the controlling sections of each chart.

2.1F2F3step 1.1

Choose that parameter and let Y be its scheme-theoretic zero locus in U. Avoidance places Y in W. Each Yi=Y∩Wi is smooth geometrically integral of dimension one by [F2], and is nonempty because it contains the nonempty open subset Y∩O. The latter is an open subset of Y1, hence irreducible, and is a nonempty open, therefore dense, in every Yi. Its closure in Y contains every Yi, and these cover Y. Thus Y is irreducible; it is smooth and reduced because these are local and hold on this cover. The dimension and codimension assertions follow from those on every chart.

3.1F2step 2.1∎

The same common-core and open-cover argument survives every extension of k: each chart curve is geometrically integral, and the common core remains a nonempty open in it. The extended cover is therefore still irreducible and reduced. Consequently Y is geometrically integral. This proves the assertion for the actual quasi-affine U without claiming that global generation alone implies irreducibility.

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