How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
The closed unit ball of c-zero is not dentable
Statement refuted
Over either or , every slice of the closed unit ball has norm diameter exactly two. Consequently is not dentable.
Facts & Assumptions
The real and complex sequence spaces carry the supremum norm and are Banach spaces (The sequence spaces c_0 and ell-infinity, Real and complex are Banach).
Every functional on has a unique bilinear representation with , and finite truncations of converge in (The continuous dual of c0 is ell-one, Finite truncations approximate null and summable sequences).
Slices in a complex space use real parts, and dentability asks for slices of arbitrarily small norm diameter (Dentable bounded set and slice).
Counterexample
Given: one scalar field and the closed unit ball .
Fix an arbitrary slice with a strict margin. Let be a slice. By [L2], write . One has : the upper bound is the dual-norm inequality, while multiplying any almost norming vector by a scalar of modulus one makes its value real and nonnegative. Choose and set
Construct two points in the slice at distance two. The truncation convergence in [L2] implies , so take with . Retain all coordinates of except put and . A one-coordinate change preserves convergence to zero, and , so . Moreover,
and the identical estimate using puts in . Their th coordinates differ by two, hence .
Compute the diameter and deduce nondentability. The triangle inequality bounds the diameter of , and thus of , above by two. Step 2.1 attains two, so every slice has diameter exactly two. In particular no slice has diameter below one, and [L3] says that is not dentable. The set is nonempty, bounded, closed, and convex in the Banach space from [L1].
Audit zero, strict-boundary, and complex cases. [L2, L3, step 1.1, step 2.1, step 3.1] If , then the slice is all of and are direct witnesses. For nonzero , the positive and strict inequality keep both witnesses inside the slice rather than only on its boundary; a zero remote coefficient is harmless. In the complex case [L2] uses the bilinear pairing and [L3] uses , so no conjugation is inserted. A singleton zero ball is not involved: contains every .
Depends on
Used by
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Dependency tree · two levels
14 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Gilles Pisier, Martingales in Banach Spaces (standard reference, not scraped)